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This paper examines the effects of early agriculture and land use in the vicinity of a Bronze Age fortress at Weltenburg, Germany. Sediments and soils found below archaeological structures are compared with sediments and soils surrounding these structures. A chronology is established using relative archaeological dating, 14 C dating of charcoal fragments, TL dating of heated objects, and OSL dating of sediments. Results demonstrate dramatic environmental changes that occurred as early as the Bronze Age. Erosion resulting from agriculture stripped away most Holocene soils and Pleistocene sediments, transforming the natural landscape into a severely degraded cultural landscape. Since the Bronze Age, only minor changes have occurred because agriculture is limited on the degraded soils and the clay-rich soil remnants are resistant to further erosion. ᭧

Fan deltas are common depositional features along the macro-tidal, fjorded coast of southern British Columbia. To determine the sedimentary architecture of the Cypress Creek fan delta, West Vancouver, British Columbia, a combined ground penetrating radar and geomorphological study was carried out. Five radar facies were identified and their associated geomorphic environments were established: oblique clinoform radar facies (delta front); mounded radar facies (debris-flow deposits); undulating subhorizontal radar facies (beach zone); concave radar facies (river channels) and horizontal radar facies (salt-water intrusion). The delta plain was formed primarily by debris flows, some of which reached the delta front to form prograding foreset beds. Radar facies analysis established the occurrence of arcuate scars and masses of slumped material, signifying mass movement on the delta front. Wave action, working over a 4.9 m tidal range, has reworked the distal delta-plain debris-flow sediments into an armoured gravel beach. A depositional model is proposed for a fan delta in a macro-tidal fjord setting.

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