Purpose: To identify the population susceptible to reactive hypoglycemia and explain the possible reasons for their susceptibility. Methods: Ninety-four patients were divided into normal weight, overweight and obese groups before a 75-gram prolonged oral glucose tolerance test (POGTT). The incidence of reactive hypoglycemia (blood glucose ≤3.1 mmol/L or 55 mg/dL at points of 0-4 hours) was compared among three groups, and blood glucose and insulin levels were monitored simultaneously from 0-4 hours to assess the level of insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, the degree of insulin resistance among three groups and within each subgroup (whether hypoglycemia events occurred) was compared. Results: Among the three groups, the incidence of hypoglycemia was significantly different at 3 (P=0.033) and 4 hours (P=0.020). At 4 hours, the incidence of reactive hypoglycemia in the obese group was approximately 3 times that in the normal weight group. The insulin level in obese group at 4 hours was nearly 4 times higher than that in normal group, and the same result also exists in the same subgroup of different groups. In addition, the hypoglycemia subgroup of obese group had higher insulin level than non-hypoglycemia (P=0.000). The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index increased with increasing BMI among the three groups (P=0.000), while the Matsuda index decreased (P=0.000). The comparison of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index between subgroups in each group showed that the P values were 0.021, 0.038 and 0.085, successively, and the P values for the Matsuda index were 0.019, 0.013 and 0.119, respectively. Conclusion: Obese people has higher rate of reactive hypoglycemia than other groups in POGTT, in which insulin resistance may play an important role. But patients who are evaluated for reactive hypoglycemia need to be observed for at least 3 or 4 hours.

The digital transformation of regional innovation ecosystems is received by the extensive attention from academia and practical communities. This paper uses China’s regional innovative ecosystem as a research object, explores changes in information flow, resource flow, capital flow and technical flow direction and flow rate within the context of digital transformation. The study found that digital transformation will change the flow direction and structure of the information flow; The flow rate of resource flow, capital flow and technology flow is accelerated is increased, but the flow direction is unchanged. Finally, the potential risks of innovative ecosystem under digital transformation background have been analyzed, and the countermeasures and recommendations for relevant management departments and enterprises are put forward, providing a theoretical reference for further improving digital construction for China’s regional innovation ecosystems.

X-ray excited shortwave infrared (X-SWIR) imaging attracts much attention because of its advantages in optical deep imaging. However, the X-ray used for X-SWIR imaging brings risk of radiation to organism. How to better realize the synergistic optimization of X-ray dose and luminous efficiency with proper X-ray excitations is especially important for further application. To indicate the effects of X-ray excitation voltage on the X-SWIR light efficiency, the paper builds up an evaluating method, considering the variation of both X-SWIR intensity and X-ray dose along with the X-ray excitation voltages. Based on the method, the X-SWIR intensity and X-ray dose with different X-ray voltages are tested. By calculating the X-SWIR luminescence intensity with unit absorption dose at different X-ray voltages, the influence of X-ray energy on luminous efficiency is revealed. Results show that the dose efficiency of the probe is related to the X-ray energy, and it is the highest under 30-40 kV X-ray excitation (average energy of 10-20 keV). The conclusion is that the proposed evaluating method is feasible for assessing the luminescence efficiency and providing a reference for the practical application of X-ray luminescent nanoprobes. It helps understanding the X-ray luminescence theory, optimizing the X-ray excitation, reducing the X-ray dose while maintaining the X-SWIR luminescence intensity, which is meaningful for practical application of X-SWIR imaging in vivo.