Background: Periapical granuloma, radicular cyst, and periapical abscess represent periapical changes of frequent occurrence. Addressing this diagnostic dilemma is a matter of great concern, as it aids in governing the treatment planning and predicting its outcome. Aim: To evaluate the comparative accuracy of ultrasonography (USG), intraoral periapical (IOPA) radiography, and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in differentially diagnosing periapical lesions of endodontic origin. Methods: Thirty-five patients having periapical lesions associated with anterior teeth requiring endodontic therapy were included in the study. The lesions were analyzed using IOPA radiographs, CBCT scans, and USG with color Doppler (CD). Periapical surgery ensued and enucleated tissue samples were subjected to histopathological analysis. To evaluate the accuracy, diagnoses made by each of the three modalities were compared with the gold standard histopathological reports, and the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of each were calculated. Statistical Analysis: Cohen kappa (κ) was used for interrater reliability, and Pearson's contingency coefficient (C) was used for correlating findings of USG with histopathology. Results: USG showed good concordance with histopathological findings (contingency coefficient: 0.664). It also showed a higher accuracy rate compared to IOPA radiography and CBCT in differentially diagnosing periapical lesions. Conclusion: USG with CD holds the potential to be used as a noninvasive adjunct in periapical diagnostics.

Background: Success of all-ceramic restorations depends on their cementation process. Bonding crystalline materials like zirconia to an underlying substrate is challenging. Recently, universal adhesives have been developed. They claim to chemically bond to zirconia due to the presence of compounds like 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate. But for majority of these adhesives, few studies demonstrating their effectiveness are available. Aims: This study aimed to assess the effect of two universal adhesives, One Coat 7 Universal and Tetric N-Bond Universal on shear bond strength at zirconia–resin junction. Materials and Methods: Thirty CAD-CAM milled zirconia cylinders (5 mm × 8 mm) were sandblasted and divided into three groups: Group A (control) received no treatment, while Groups B and C were primed by One Coat 7 Universal and Tetric N-Bond Universal, respectively. They were luted to composite surfaces by a dual-curing resin cement. After 24 h, a shear bond strength test was conducted and failure mode was analyzed. Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey's test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Both One Coat 7 Universal (24.43 ± 2.66 MPa) and Tetric N-Bond Universal (28.61 ± 3.11 MPa) had significantly higher strength than the control group (9.86 ± 2.00 MPa). Control group underwent 100% adhesive failures. Experimental groups had predominantly mixed/cohesive failures. Conclusion: Both universal adhesives increased the bond strength at resin–zirconia junction. Tetric N-Bond Universal exhibited the highest strength.