This is a repository copy of Extraction and physicochemical characterization of galactomannans from Dichrostachys cinerea seeds.

Water soluble galactomannans from seed endosperm of Mimosa pudica L. was extracted and characterized (Fig. 1). Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography results revealed the presence of 4-linked mannose backbone with galactose side chains linked at the C6 position. Scanning Electron Micrographs showed smooth, elongated and irregular granular structure of galactomannan. Structural analysis by Attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy presented the Mannose to Galactose ratio while the X-ray diffraction studies showed the presences of A-type crystalline pattern of the galactomannan. Thermo Gravitimetric Analysis showed the three steps weight loss event and determined the thermal stability. The results showed that the extracted polysaccharides are typically amorphous, thermally stable and have desirable properties for industrial applications.

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Background: Galactomannans are the seed polysaccharides also known as seed gums, mostly isolated from the legume seed endosperm. Galactomannans can easily mix with xanthans by physical association, exhibits synergistic effect and form complex mixtures due to their entangle nature in deferent ratios. Polysaccharides having these properties make them versatile materials which are useful in different biomedical and food applications as additives, thickening, gelling agents, emulsifiers and stiffeners. Biopolymer-based colloidal particles have potential application in drug and gene delivery. Methods: Galactomannans extracted from indigenous legume seed endosperm from Adenanthera pavonna L and Mimosa pudica L. and investigated during 2015-2021 for different aspects i.e. viscous behaviour and interaction properties, complex formation with other polysaccharide like xanthan and preparation and physical characterisation of galactomannan-based nanoparticles obtained by covalent cross-linking with genipin. Result: The intrinsic viscosity of A. pavonna and M. pudica measured also compared with the commercial polysaccharide LBG (Locust Bean gum). Prepared small spherical shaped nanoparticles of diameters ~33 to 67 nm and negative zeta potential of ~-9.2 - 19.0 mV were obtained. We suggest that the nanoparticles form due to the covalent crosslinking effect of genipin on the residual protein fraction of both galactomannans. The biodegradable nanoparticles offer to be a potential new platform for the oral delivery of drug and nutraceuticals.