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Letter to the editorPhotobiomodulation and space closure A n article published in July 2021 by Al-Shafi et al reported the results of a split-mouth randomized clinical trial to examine the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) mediated photobiomodulation compared with no photobiomodulation on extraction space closure in adolescents and young adults. (Al-Shafi S, Pandis N, Darendeliler MA, Papadopoulou AK. Effect of light-emitting diode-mediated photobiomodulation on extraction space closure in adolescents and young adults: a split-mouth, randomized controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2021;160:19-28).The article was informative and praised by most of us but we have come across certain doubts. In the introduction, the authors stated that "The present literature suggests that PBM therapy has the potential to accelerate tooth movement by as much as 30%, 8,13,14 " but none of the articles cited in support of that claim have arrived at the same conclusion.According to the CONSORT 2010 checklist a table showing baseline demographic and clinical characteristics for each group should be included, which was lacking in this article.For contact points, canine rotation, and anchorage measurements, the T0-T3 values for LED and control sides are incorrectly calculated in Table I. For example, at T0 and T3, the LED (A side) contact point distance was 6.31 mm and 2.87 mm, respectively. The difference

Cases with missing molars do need a well-executed treatment plan and a thorough knowledge of biomechanics to treat which usually leads to its prosthetic rehabilitation instead of orthodontic management by the orthodontists. Its orthodontic management is not only time consuming but also requires patience and proper treatment strategy involving right choice of appliance and auxiliaries to achieve the best possible results. Here in this case series we have tried to show different treatment modalities in cases with missing permanent molars leading to ideal post treatment outcomes.

Class III malocclusion is the most common form of malocclusion requiring orthognathic surgery. Hence, early diagnosis and intervention is often beneficial in reducing the severity of the problem. Protraction of the maxilla using a facemask accompanied by rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is the ideal treatment option for growing patients with Class III malocclusion and deficient maxilla. Idiopathic osteosclerosis is an asymptomatic, benign lesion that usually develops early in life. Its origin could be associated to reaction to inflammation or occlusal trauma, occurring at the time of teeth transition. Here, in this case report, we have showed the successful management of a Class III adolescent patient, diagnosed with idiopathic osteosclerosis, with face mask therapy and hybrid hyrax expansion appliance following Alt-RAMEC protocol. Also, we have showed the management of disturbed wound healing which might occur after palatal implant removal.