This study aims to determine the effect of the Scramble type cooperative learning model with image media on the motivation and learning outcomes of grade 2 elementary school students. This research was conducted at the SDN Tropodo 2 Waru Sidoarjo Regency 2018/2019. This type of research experiment uses a quantitative approach, with nonequivalent (pretest and posstest) design contril group design. This study uses two classes namely the experimental class and the control class. The study sample was class 2A as the experimental class and 2B as the control class. The instruments used were motivation observation sheets and learning outcomes tests. Data analysis techniques used included normality test, homogeneity test, and independent sample t-test. The results of the study showed that there was an effect oflearning model the scramble type cooperative on media images on the motivation and learning outcomes of grade 2 elementary school students.value of gain normalized Motivatedexperiment class 0.174, control class 0.115value gain normalized of student learning outcomes experimental class 0.192, control class 0.141 test results independent samples t-test motivation showed tcount of 7.845> ttable of 1,677. the results of the test of independent samples t-test of learning outcomes indicate that the value of tcount is 5.254> ttable of 1,677. It can be concluded that thelearning model scramble type cooperative with image media influences the motivation and learning outcomes of grade 2 students in elementary school.

The essence of Independent Learning (MB-KM) programs proposed by the Ministry of Education and Culture is to explore the potential of university learners and students in innovating and improving the quality of learning independently beyond the main study programs. In line with MB-KM policies, higher education should implement strategic policies to transform education through harmonization of Higher Education Main Performance Indicators (IKU). This qualitative reflective study collected the data through surveys and focus group discussions with students and relevant stakeholders. The results of this study show that several activities that accommodate the implementation of MB-KM include teaching at schools, research and internships, student exchanges/mobility, independent studies and certified internships. Several issues emerged in the implementation of the programs, namely the activities run at the same time so that the MB-KM system/account managed by the Ministry of Education and Culture has not been able to accommodate registered participants. As a result, the list of students is not stable as well as the lecturers involved; the implementation of on-site and online programs during the partial social restrictions due to pandemic leads to mutual jealousy among students; concerns from universities whose burdens to accommodate the programs. Lastly, the need for synchronization of MB-KM policies between public and private universities, especially in relation to fund management and credit transfer and conversion policies.

This research identifies and explores Social Science (IPS) learning at the Elementary School level (SD) delivered by utilizing digital technology during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This study explores the use of the internet and how social knowledge learning is in dialogue with digital literacy that occurs in it. This research is a qualitative study of digital literacy in social studies learning in elementary schools. The data sources were elementary school teachers using random sampling, with spatial boundaries in Surabaya and Sidoarjo, East Java. The temporal limitation of this research is data taken from April 2020 to January 2021. The collected data is then analyzed with Kathleen Tyner's perspective regarding literacy in the digital world and June Chapin about social studies learning in primary education. The results showed that contextuality and connectivity through digital literacy in elementary social studies raise constructive aspects through collective memory about experiencing something and using previous knowledge through digital literacy. The constructive and cognitive aspects present two essential dimensions that explain the occurrence of elementary social knowledge learning. First, relating to information processing; in terms of receiving, storing, and then remembering information when it has needed. Second, related to meaningful learning about social life in society, how children shape and organize existing and new information that comes to mind. Therefore, this model can teach and study any subject matter related to social studies at the elementary school level.

The phenomenon of radicalism has become the talk of the world community, one of which is marked by the entry of transnational ideology into Indonesia, this phenomenon has also penetrated universities. Radicalism is often associated with religion, although theoretically it can be related to social, politic, and other similar issues, but in fact radicalism is more prominent associated with religious issues. This phenomenon is interesting to study by exploring the scientific building of Islamic lecturers through a real question such as what is the construction of Islamic lecturers about radicalism and how do they think that radicalism does not flourish. The aim of this study is to explore the construction of Islamic religious lecturers on radicalism and their opinions so that radicalism does not flourish on campus. Research data collection used in-depth interviews with Islamic religious lecturers in East Java. Data analysis was performed with qualitative narratives and through Forum Group Discussions (FGD). The results of the study can be stated as follows, (1) The construction of Islamic lecturers at universities in East Java in general religious-nationalist (2) religious lecturers think that a strict policy is needed from campus leaders by optimizing the role of Islamic religious lecturers because radicalism is always associated with issues religion, so that radicalism does not flourish on campus.

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