Translating travel article texts requires a consideration of the way the tourist destinations are promoted. This ‘promotional’ element of travel articles, an inseparable part of the text type, is significant to inform translation practices. However, studies in this area are quite lacking in that the element is not well-understood, i.e. how ‘promotion’ can be identified in both the source and target texts and if there are potential changes between the texts. This paper compares the construction of promotion in bilingual tourism texts published in an in-flight magazine as a case study. This is done by examining the attitudinal meanings in the source text (ST), written in Indonesian, and the target text (TT) in English. It uses the interpersonal system of appraisal proposed by Martin and White from systemic functional linguistics to analyse the construal of affect, appreciation and judgement in the promoted items found in the texts. The genre stages and register were also identified to situate the context.  Keywords: travel article, appraisal, attitude framework.

The rise of sexual violence against women and children encourages the government to establish Government Regulation (Peraturan Pemerintah) hereafter (PP) number 70 of 2020, which contains the application of the chemical castration penalty for the offenders of sexual violence. This regulation causes pros and cons from the various parties, including women and children's observer community, selected in this case Konde.co. This study aims to discuss the attitude or position built by Konde.co toward the Government Regulation (PP) ratification concerning the chemical castration penalty for the sexual violence offenders. This research uses a qualitative approach, especially discourse analysis. The discourse analysis in this research uses the appraisal theory, which studies the attitudesystem explicitly The result of this research shows that the attitude that appears in the text is generally negative. Furthermore, the attitude aspect with the highest frequency is negative judgement.The negative attitude refers to the incompatibility and inability of the chemical castration penalty in overcoming the sexual violence problem in Indonesia. The chemical castration penalty has negative impacts, such as exacerbating sexual violence in Indonesia in the future, disturbing, like an inclement regulation, and violating human rights. The positive attitude refers to the PP’s capacity for the chemical castration penalty of the sexual violence offenders in upholding the rights of the underprivileged. Other priorities that Konde.co considers more critical in overcoming the sexual violence problem are the recovery of the victims and the immediate ratification of the Bill on the Elimination of Sexual Violence.

Bilingual picture books are one of the materials in joint-reading activities between adults and pupils. When using picture books, adults face difficulty conveying meaning from the book to children. Therefore, this paper investigates the compositional elements of a bilingual picture book and provides an understanding of exploring a picture book to create meaningful reading activities. This case study employs a multimodal discourse analytical approach to understand the placement of the visual resources and the dual text of a bilingual picture book entitled Kina Punya Teman Baru. The result shows the compositional instruments tend to attract the reader's focus on the characters and the continuity of the storyline. The tendency of using co-located backgrounds along with the simple bull eye focus of images directs readers to the actions and emotions experienced by the character. Visual elements in a bilingual picture book are put in a contextualized setting offering readers the to explore the particular image. This bilingual picture book uses Indonesian as L1 and English as L2. The composition of the verbal text layout indicates that this bilingual picture book is intended for pupils speaking Indonesian and are willing to learn English, but they still require scaffolding in accessing the language being learned.

Teks visual dalam buku pegangan bahasa Indonesia harusnya dapat mendukung pemahaman dalam materi yang akan diajarkan, bukan membuat tambah bingung karena keterbatasan pemahaman mereka dalam mengartikan teks visual tersebut. Teks visual dapat menciptakan suatu makna dalam pembelajaran bahasa. Penelitian tentang makna teks visual dalam bahan ajar BIPA sendiri belum banyak ditemukan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk meneliti makna representasi dari teks visual serta hubungan yang dibangun antara teks visual dengan teks membaca di bahan ajar BIPA. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang diteliti yaitu buku Sahabatku Indonesia untuk Pelajar BIPA 7 (SIUPB7) yang diterbitkan oleh Badan Pengembangan Bahasa dan Perbukuan tahun 2019. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat dinyatakan bahwa pemilihan dan penempatan teks visual di buku SIUPB7 sudah sesuai dengan topik teks membaca, makna representasi di buku SIUPB7 terdiri dari gambar foto dari kehidupan nyata yang lebih dominan direpresentasikan oleh citra naratif yang dinamis daripada bersifat konseptual atau statis. Selain itu, pemilihan teks visual juga sudah sesuai dengan tema bacaan dan mampu mengilustrasikan hal spesifik sehingga membuat teks membaca berpotensi menjadi lebih bermakna bagi pemelajar atau pembaca, sehingga dapat disimpulkan buku SIUPB7 dapat digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran dan pemelajaran BIPA.

Classroom interactions between a teacher and students are integral to the successful outcome of learning. However, research related to how knowledge is negotiated through teacher-student interaction is still rarely done, especially in Indonesia. This present article examines teacher-student interactions in a classroom setting during an English language learning organized by an informal institution in Laguboti, North Sumatera. Data were gathered through the observation of a recorded lesson demonstration under the Special Conversation program, involving a teacher and nine students. The video was transcribed and examined using the analytical framework of Pedagogic Registers (Rose, 2018), which focuses on pedagogic relations. The analysis revealed that the teacher conveyed authority throughout the learning process. Patterns of initial-response-feedback (I-R-F) were observed in the teaching, in which the teacher posed questions to engage passive students. In addition, students’ silence was identified as the most common challenge in such interactions. The study discovered that students’ silence urged the teacher to reflect on the challenges faced by the students during the learning process. Finally, it was found that the teacher evaluated learning outcomes by affirming and negating the students’ answers. A further study should be carried out to generate insights into more effective evaluation strategies for English language acquisition.