ABSTRAKAir PENDAHULUANNenek moyang kita sebenarnya telah mewariskan beragam kearifan lokal yang dipakai sebagai pedoman sikap dan perilaku dalam berinteraksi dengan alam dan lingkungan. Secara empiris kearifan lokal tersebut telah berhasil mencegah kerusakan fungsi lingkungan, baik tanah/lahan, hutan, maupun air. Contohnya adalah tradisi nyabuk gunung, susuk wangan, merti desa di Jawa Tengah, Subak di Bali, Sasi di Maluku, senguyun di Kalimantan, dsb, Namun kearifan lokal tersebut saat ini sudah mulai pudar. Akibatnya sumberdaya alam tidak lagi terpelihara dengan baik ; lahan dan hutan rusak, mata air banyak yang mati; padahal air merupakan kebutuhan paling esensial bagi makluk hidup Kekurangan air manusia, hewan, dan tumbuhan akan terganggu pertumbuhan, kesehatan, dan produktivitasnya, bahkan akan mati (Manik, 2009). Program ketahanan pangan akan sulit terwujud tanpa tersedianya air dalam jumlah yang memadai. Namun akhir-akhir ini ketersediaan air

Abstract. The city of Pekalongan known as "Kota Batik" is one of Batik Industrial Centers in Indonesia with 917 batik industry. There are 203 batik industries located in Jenggot Village, which is the biggest batik industrial center in Pekalongan City. The process of making batik requires a dye derived from synthetic dyes containing heavy metals. Most of the waste is directly discharged into the environment without going through the processing first. This is due to the lack of optimal management of existing WWTP as well as lack of public awareness of environmental conservation. This condition has a negative impact on the surrounding community, especially in terms of environmental health regarding Water Quality Requirements. Potential occurrence of dug well water contamination due to infiltration of batik waste water is big enough. Survey results of 15 dug wells show that the construction of dug wells is not sufficient. There is a dug well with a damaged outer wall of 16.1%, damaged inner wall of 17.9% and a damaged well floor of 19.7%. Improper well construction impacts on the infiltration of batik waste water into the well. Survey results of physical well water quality showed 3.6% snoring, 16.1% smelly, 9.8% color and 10.7% taste. Pollution to dug well water can affect public health because it is used for daily use to drink, cook, bathe and wash because> 65% do not have other sources of clean water. The recommendation of this research is the need for waste water treatment batik starting from source through WWTP both on the household and communal scale with the role of local government as a facilitator. Society and batik industry players need to be involved in managing environmentally friendly batik industrial center.

ABSTRAK Kebijakan tentang pengelolaan lingkungan hidup di

Abstract. Trianto A, Radjasa OK, Subagiyo, Purnaweni H, Bahry MS, Djamaludin R, Tjoa A, Singleton I, Diele K, Evan D. 2021. Potential of fungi isolated from a mangrove ecosystem in Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia: Protease, cellulase and anti-microbial capabilities. Biodiversitas 22: 1717- 1724. The high and relatively unexplored diversity of fungi present in the mangrove ecosystem represents a source of novel biotechnological importance. This study explored the potential of fungi isolated from the mangrove ecosystems to produce proteases and cellulases (commercially important enzymes) and their ability to inhibit pathogenic Vibrio species. Random samples of root, branch, leaf, sediments and litters were collected from 5 different mangrove sites in Manado, North Sulawesi, as a source of fungal isolates. The fungi were isolated on malt extract agar (MEA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA). The isolates were identified mainly based on the molecular methods (18S gene sequence) and examined for their ability to produce proteases, cellulases, and activity against several Vibrio species. Altogether 288 species of fungi were isolated from all samples. The fungi, isolated from leaves showed the highest diversity. A fungal isolate 19 Mba-C2-1 Fusarium equiseti from Avicennia sp. leaf showed the highest protease activity. While, the isolate 19 MT-05-3 Hypocrea sp. from sediment had the highest cellulase activity. From the root of Rhizophora sp., the isolate 19 MT-04-3 identified as Trichoderma viride had the strongest activity against a range of Vibrio species. This work indicates the high potential of fungi isolated from mangrove ecosystems as a source of commercially important enzymes and novel antimicrobial compounds.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengentahui bagaimana capaian kebijakan pengelolaan sampah yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Demak khususnya pada TPA Kalikondang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data primer melalui wawancara secara langsung, dokumentasi, dan observasi, serta data sekunder melalui jurnal dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh berdasarkan lima kriteria yaitu efektivitas, efesiensi, kecukupan, perataan, responsivitas, dan ketepatan. Efektifitas pengelolaan sampah yang dilakukan di TPA Kalikondang Masih belum optimal dikarenakan sistem pengelolaan sampah masih menggunakan sistem open dumping; Efesiensi Masih belum optimalnya karena penimbunan sampah dengan tanah, pencacahan sampah, pembuatan pupuk kompos, kolam tinja dan kolam air lindi dikarenakan kurangnya sarana dan prasarana yang tersedia. Selain itu, biaya pengelolaan sampah terfokus hanya pada pembelian tanah dan BBM truk pengangkut sampah;  Kecukupan masih belum optimal karena pengelolaan sampah yang dilakukan tidak berjalan sesuai dengan jadwal seharusnya; Perataan masih belum optimal karena pembiayaan masih berfokus pada pembelian BBM untuk truk pengangkutan sampah dan pebelian tanah; Responsivitas masih belum optimal karena  masih terdapat pengaduan dari masyarakat seperti bau dan air lindi, serta solusi yang diberikan dari Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Demak tidak menyelesaikan persoalan yang terjadi; Ketepatan masih belum optimal karena penggunaan gas metan hanya sebatas keperluan pekerja di TPA Kalikondang.