We report a quite rare case of acquired type 3-like von Willebrand syndrome (vWS) that preceded full-blown systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A 16-year-old woman with no previous disease history and no family history of hemorrhagic diathesis was referred to our hospital because of recurrent epistaxis and gingival bleeding. She was diagnosed as having atypical type 3 von Willebrand disease because of prolonged bleeding time with normal platelet count and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and an almost complete absence of von Willebrand factor (vWF) antigen, ristocetin cofactor activity (vWF:RCo) and ristocetin-induced platelet agglutination (RIPA). Furthermore, electrophoretic analysis of plasma vWF revealed a trace amount of vWF and an absence of the multimeric form of vWF. Infusions of either vasopressin or factor VIII/vWF concentrates improved bleeding symptoms and corrected the aPTT and RIPA. However, she complained of low-grade fever, general fatigue and polyarthralgia 5 months later, and leukocytepenia and hypo-complementemia developed. Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies and lupus erythematosus cells became positive. These findings were compatible with SLE. Mixing the patient's platelet-poor plasma (PPP) with normal platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (PPP/PRP = 2/1) resulted in a complete inhibition of RIPA, suggesting the presence of vWF inhibitor in her plasma. Treatment with prednisolone (40 mg/day) started and the bleeding tendency gradually improved. One month later, all of the laboratory data including aPTT, bleeding time, RIPA and vWF:RCo became normal. These findings indicate that she has an acquired type 3-like vWS associated with SLE.

Research was conducted to clarify the variations in volatile compounds among different parts of the coriander plant with respect to its growth stages. At the seedling stage, the composition of volatile compounds in the leaves was quite similar to that in the stems, based on their pattern of gas chromatographic profiles (PGC). However, the PGC between leaves/stems changed as the plants grew and matured. Furthermore, a significant difference in the composition of volatile components developed between leaves and stems at the mature stage so that the PGC between them as well as with fruits diverged. The major volatile compounds of the stems/leaves were decanal, (E)-2-decenal, (E)-2-undecenal and 2-dodecenal, and (E)-2-tetradecenal, which have an oily, sweet or grassy odor. These five volatile compounds are barely detectable in fruits. The major volatile compound of the fruits was linalool, which has a sweet fresh scent, much like the flowers, whereas α-pinene, γ-terpinene, D-camphor and geraniol were hardly recognizable in stems and leaves. Coriander seedling has a grassy scent peculiar to the species that makes it a highly desirable culinary herb. This fresh green odor of heptanal, (E)-2-hexenal and octanal decreased in the leaves and stems with maturation.

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