The interrelationships among measures of stress, anxiety, depression, and physical illness in a proportional sample of college undergraduates (N = 184) were examined. Significant correlations were found in the stress-illness, anxiety-illness, depression-illness, and anxiety-depression relationships. Partial correlations demonstrated that the stress-illness relationship remained significant, though lowered, when first anxiety and then depression were held constant. In the second phase of the research the indices of stress, anxiety, depression, and illness were predicted to vary by both year in school and gender within this sample. Significant differences in reported stress and anxiety by year in school and in reported illness incidence by gender were found. Possible ties between these results and research on coping, social support, and gender roles are discussed.
The study further explores the "ethical risk" hypothesis, which postulates that unethical behavior varies as a function of perceived risk. 6 determinants are tested: expectancy of gain (E gn ) and reinforcement value of gain (RV B n), expectancy of censure (En,,,,,) and reinforcement value of censure (RVcons), severity of offense, and reference group. It is hypothesized that E,. 0 n« and RVcons are significant determinants which account for more variance than the remaining ones. 64 items, each portraying a student in conflict about taking money illegally, were judged by 136 Ss as to the probability of taking the money. Except for the reference group, all main effects were significant. RVccn B explained more variance than any other source. Hence, ethical risk should be interpreted as RVc
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.