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The dissociation constants of carminic acid (7-D-glucopyronosyl-3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxo-anthracene-2-carboxylic acid) (CA), together with the stability constants of its Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Hg(II) complexes, were studied potentiometrically in aqueous medium at 25.0 (1)°C, and at the ionic background of 0.1 mol·dm −3 of NaCl, and determined with the SUPERQUAD computer program. It has been observed that carminic acid has five dissociation constants, and for H 5 L their values are 3.39 (7), 5.78 (7), 8.35 (7), 10.27 (7), and 11.51 (7). This ligand behaves as a bi-dentate ligand, and the carboxyl and the ortho hydroxy groups of the ligand coordinate to the metal ions. Various metal complexes were produced in solution under the experimental conditions, for each metal ion used, including hydrolyzed species. The species distribution curves of the complexes formed in the solution were calculated and reviewed. The stability of the complexes was found to follow the order: Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II) > Hg(II).

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Abstract:The present study includes important findings relating to the number of donor atoms, species of ligands, and stabilities of complexes. Stabilities of complexes between Cu(II) ion and NO-, NS-, ONS-, and ONO-type Schiff bases were compared. Acid-base properties of the Schiff bases were explained at 25 ± 0.1• C and ionic strength ( I) of 0.1 M supported by NaCl. The Hyperquad computer program was used for calculation of dissociation and stability constants.The overall stability constants of their Cu(II) complexes were calculated and the various formed complexes between the Schiff bases with Cu(II) ion formulated as CuL 2 , CuHL 2 , CuH 2 L 2 , and CuH −1 L 2 (Cu (OH) L 2) . The complexes of ONS-and ONO-type tridentate ligands were more stable than those of NO-and NS-type bidentate ligands.