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Process industries have the talent of emerging high levels of turbulent behaviors and uncertainties, such as the leakage of toxic substances and explosive materials. Resilience engineering, as a novel approach, can run the effects of such actions. Resilience engineering factors involve culture, change management, knowledge acquisition, risk assessment, readiness, plasticity, reportage, the obligation of a top manager, consciousness, safety procedures, incident survey, employee participation, and competence. The present study aims to investigate resilience engineering in process industries and analyze its efficiency using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique. Since there are high levels of uncertainty in the factors, Type-2 fuzzy sets that have a high capability of considering uncertainty is used to analyze the efficiency. The results of this work, which is the first case in evaluating the efficiency of resilience engineering in process industries by DEA and Type-2 fuzzy sets, indicate a robust approach for analyzing the efficiency and identifying the opportunities in process industries.INDEX TERMS Process industries, resilience engineering, data envelopment analysis, Type-2 fuzzy sets.

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