According to statistics provided by the Iranian Statistics Center,40% of energy consumption is related to the housing sector. Windows as a component of exterior wall, Responsible for 20-30% of all energy infiltration. Therefore, the purpose of this study, is to optimize residential windows in cold and dry climate of Tabriz in order to reduce energy consumption. The research method is based on simulation with two methods "parametric optimization" and "genetic algorithm". The research tool is Design Builder software. So, the amount of annual gas consumption in the case study was received from the National Iranian Gas Company and then the basic research model is modeled in software and after converting the unit from kWh to m 3 and validating the obtained results from simulation, in the next step, the type of glazing and frame are changed and then the sensitivity is analyzed by the two mentioned methods. The results showed that by replacing windows with triple glazedglazing with low emission coating filled with argon, krypton and xenon gas and UPVC frame with clear double glazed-glazing filled with argon gas and iron frame, annual gas consumption for heating decreased by 52.43%, 55.34% and 56.60% and the heat loss from the windows is reduced by 7.97%, 9.54% and 10.49%, respectively.

Windows in the building are the biggest elements of heat loss through convective heat transfer. The purpose of study is to select appropriate dimensions for windows relative to shell and appropriate glazing for windows, in order to achieve optimal pattern to reduce energy consumption. The research method is based on the simulation and research tool is DesignBuilder software. Therefore, amount of natural gas consumed annually in the studied building was received from the National Iranian Gas Company and then the basic research was modeled by software and after converting unit from kWh to m 3 and validating simulation results. In the next step, the range of 20% to 80% of window-to-wall-ratio, types of glazing and window height is considered and through parametric optimization, all conditions in the windows are simulated and analyzed for sensitivity index. The calculations confirm that in an intermediate residential building with a rotation of 12 degrees to the southeast in Tabriz, by reducing window-to-wallratio from 50% to 20% and replacing triples-glazed-glazing with a low-emission coating filled with argon gas with a transparent single-glazed glazing and UPVC frame and a canopy with a depth of 48cm and windows height of 1.5m, the heat losses were reduced by 60.34% and 75.24%, respectively.

Since medical centers, from the perspective of civil defense, are considered as centers of critical urban land, therefore, it is essential the criteria and defensive mechanisms to comply in design. One of these strategies would be taking advantage of the vegetation in a hospital. From this perspective, the use of vegetation in the hospital needs to scientific and expertise comments by the expert in the green space who is familiar with knowledge of passive defense. In this study, it is tried the principles of architectural green spaces design of medical centers to discuss from an architectural defensive approach and passive defense. For this purpose, using descriptive-analytic method and library research tool, the role of security in outer space of the medical centers are investigated, and in the end, a set of strategies for architectural design of green space for a therapeutic complex in order to reduce the vulnerability of human resources and improve security will be presented, by taking advantage of the fundamental concepts of passive defense. The present research achievements in the designing of green spaces for the medical centers will be useful in line with promoting passive defense purposes.

Children cortical most important for future prosperity and social dynamics that make up the country. Architectural design Successful environment for children requires taking into account the criteria and Indexes particular, this class is special. In the present study focuses on increasing creativity children tried to theoretical studies in the field architectural design children will be achieved. The goal of this research architectural design Social and institutional focus as children house in the event of increasing creativity children. Architectural design process that uses two physical planning and architecture architectural design takes place hence in the physical planning architecture, design body design diagrams and charts to design, specify the required spaces, layout and communication spaces, diversity and quality of space, flexibility and fluidity of space and form design, it is predicted, then step architectural design Takes place, in this study the process architectural design for children there will be a special home, descriptive and analytical methodology for collecting data library method is then based on the analysis of information and related charts are plotted diagram based on the conducted analysis and alternatives based on the factors affecting the architectural design Special children's home has been suggested that in line with the idea architectural designing format of architectural design Special children's homes, alternative and superior architectural design ideas will be selected. The results can be child-centered design or architectural design that most users of space, children are utilized.