Mycoplasma pneumoniae was a common pathogen in respiratory infections. The otherwise C. pneumoniae infections were rarely seen in children. A Comparison of serology diagnostic tests for M. pneumoniae infections was found more sensitive and specific than PCR.

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Background: The most common sexually transmitted infection in the world is human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV types 16 and 18 are responsible for 60–80% of cervical cancers and precancerous cervical lesions worldwide. Aim: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the correlation of HPV genotype distribution with cervical cytology results in cervical smear samples and to contribute to HPV epidemiology. Materials and Methods: This study included 72 female patients. For detection of the HPV genotypes, a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method that could detect more than 25 different HPV types was used. The cervical cytology and histopathology results of the patients were also evaluated simultaneously. Results: The frequency of high-risk HPV was 35% (25/72). The most common types were HPV51 (10%), HPV16 (8%), and HPV66 (8%), respectively. The most common type HPV51 and multiple HPV types were seen in 21–34 age groups. HPV DNA was detected in 21 of 43 samples that had cervical smear diagnosis grouping. Twelve samples (26%) had normal cytology. Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were the most common cytological diagnosis in HPV DNA positive samples. The most common HPV types in the patients diagnosed low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were HPV16 and HPV52. Conclusions: In this study, the frequency of high-risk HPV genotypes was 35% as similar to reports of the other studies conducted in our country. The most common types were HPV51, HPV16, and HPV66, respectively. The follow-up of patients with HPV51 infection in our area could help to improve the natural course of the disease and effective prevention programs.

Aim:The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical findings and serologic test results of the patients diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced infectious mononucleosis. Clinical findings of the subjects and any other diseases related to EBV in differential diagnosis were evaluated. Results: The mean age of 369 subjects diagnosed with EBV infection was 94.5±58.4 months (range: 6 months -14 years). One hundred and seventy-one patients (46.4%) out of 369 were female. Symptoms and findings at the time of the first evaluation were as follows: fever longer than seven days and malaise (43.1%); fever, sore throat and cervical lymphadenopathy (33.1%); fever with maculopapulary rash (10.3%); anemia and thrombocytopenia (7.1%); elevated liver function enzymes (4.1%) and arthralgia (1.6%). The classical clinical findings of infectious mononucleosis such as fever, cervical lymphadenoathy, pharyngitis and splenomegaly were observed in 357, 155, 152 and 177 subjects, respectively (96.7%, 42%, 41.2%, 47.9% and 21.4%, respectively), while hepatomegaly and edema of the eyelids were observed in 79 and 65 subjects, respectively (21.4% and 17.6%, respectively). The mean hemoglobin level was 8.2±2.3 g/dL. The mean leukocyte count was 10.8±4.6 103/µL. The mean thrombocyte count was 168±87 103/µL. The mean C-reactive protein level was 56.6±42.5 mg/L. EBV VCA IgM and IgG antibodies were simultaneously positive in 248 subjects (67.2%) at the time of the first evaluation, while in 121 subjects (32.8%) EVB VCA Ig G antibody was detected 18.3±4.6 days after the initial diagnosis. During the follow-up, 12 (3.2%) subjects were diagnosed with EBV-related hematologic malignancies including leukemia (one acute myeloid and 3 lymphoblastic leukemia cases, 1.1%), lymphoma (five cases, 1.3%) and hemophagocytic syndrome (three cases, 0.8%). Conclusions: In children, infectious mononucleosis can present with a wide range of clinical symptoms besides its classical presentation. In addition to clinical findings, serologic tests are required for definitive diagnosis. In addition, EBV VCA IgG seroconversion is necessary to rule out false positivity. In 3.2% of the cases with unexpected clinical course, EBV-related hematologic malignancies may develop. (Turk Arch Ped 2012; 47: 187-190)

Prevalence of viral agents was detected as 39.4 %. Influenza viruses and RSV were common. Metapneumovirus was also frequent (3.6 %). C. pneumoniae was not found to be a common agent for acute respiratory disease in children.