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The effects of different irrigation regimes on yield and quality and net profit of processing red pepper irrigated with drip and furrow irrigation systems under field conditions in the Mediterranean region of Turkey were evaluated over two years. The treatments for drip consist of full irrigation (DFI), deficit irrigation DDI‐75, D‐PRD‐50, DF‐PRD‐50 and DDI‐50, and for furrow: full irrigation (FFI), fixed alternative furrow (FAF‐50) and PRD furrow (FPRD‐50). FAF‐50 and FPRD‐50 received 50% of water applied to FFI. In FAF‐50 the same furrows were irrigated while FPRD‐50 was irrigated alternately. Irrigation methods and levels had a significant effect on total yield and some quality parameters of red pepper. Drip produced higher red pepper yields than furrow. The highest yield in the drip system was obtained from the DFI treatment followed by DDI‐75, DDI‐50 and DF‐PRD‐50 treatments. Although D‐PRD‐50, DF‐PRD‐50 and DDI‐50 received the same amount of water, D‐PRD‐50 resulted in a higher yield. In furrow treatments, FFI resulted in the highest yield, followed by FPRD‐50 and FAF‐50. Water productivity (WP) decreased with increasing water quantity for both irrigation systems. Fruit weight, size and flesh thickness were higher in the DFI and FFI treatments. Full irrigation treatments (DFI and FFI) generated the highest net income. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

This study investigates the relationship between food consumption and economic development in Turkey and European Union countries. Differences in food diets are analysed by using data on per capita consumption in caloric terms based on the period from 1970 to 2000. The cluster analysis is employed to derive country grouping on the basis of similarities in dietary structure in the 1970 and 2000. Existence of a trend towards a common European diet is explored with Beta convergence. The empirical results show that per capita food consumption is becoming less responsive to changes in income and appears to be reaching a ceiling in the majority of EU countries and Turkey. However, the share of animal products in food consumption diet is low and income expenditure elasticity of animal products is higher with 0.84 values in Turkey than that in European countries in 2000. There are great differences in dietary structure between Turkey and the European Union. Differences also exist between European Union countries; however, despite these differences there is a general tendency for dietary structure to become increasingly similar across the majority of European Union countries. The result also supports the absence of a convergence towards a common diet if Turkey joins the European Union.

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Bu çalışmada yoksulluk ölçüm alanında Dünya genel nde yaşanan gel şmeler çerçeves nde d kkate alınarak, Türk ye'dek kırsal yoksulluk farklı ve yen b r yaklaşımla hesaplanmıştır. Mevcut yoksulluk ölçüm yaklaşımlarına kaynaklık eden "Tek Boyutlu" bakış açısı yer ne "Çok Boyutlu" b r bakış açısı le Türk ye'dek kırsal yoksulluk yen den ele alınmıştır. Elde ed len sonuçlara göre ncelenen dönem ç n çok boyutlu yoksulluk değer Türk ye genel ç n ortalama 0.41 olarak bulunmuştur. Çok boyutlu kırsal yoksulluk değer se ortalama 0.51'd r. Bölgeler, hane büyüklükler ve hane re s n n eğ t m sev yes ne göre hesaplanan çok boyutlu yoksulluk değerler , hemen hemen her değ şkende tek boyutlu yoksulluk değerler nden yüksek bulunmuştur. Hem Türk ye genel nde hem de kırsal alanda 2.5 kat daha fazladır. Hem Türk ye genel hem de kırsal alan ç n, haneler n en büyük çok boyutlu yoksulluk neden konuta da r ödemeler n aksatmalarıdır. Ayrıca ncelenen dönemde, hem Türk ye genel hem de kırsal alan ç n bütün çok boyutlu yoksulluk göstergeler nde azalışlar gözlemlenmes ne rağmen, "Hane halkının 2 günde 1 et, tavuk veya balık y yememe", "Konut har c ödemeler aksatma" ve "Hanede çalışab lecek durumda olan en az 1 şs z b rey olması" göstergeler nde artışlar tesp t ed lm şt r.