No abstract

Background: Cognitive dysfunction is common complaints among diabetic patients their occurrence emanate a great topic during the illness, so our study aimed to examine the occurrence and the pattern of executive dysfunctions in patients with type 2 DM. Methods: 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus matched with 40 control subjects by age, sex, and educational level. They were examined for executive functions by event-related potentials (P300) and executive functions battery Results: patients with type 2 DM showed significantly affected P300 regarding both latency and amplitude. When using the executive functions battery, it showed deficits in most of the executive function tests with a significant difference between cases and control groups. There was a significant relationship between poor cognitive scores in diabetic patients and P300. Also, a significant positive correlation detected between poor scores of cognitive function tests in diabetic patients and poor glycemic control detected byHbA1c. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes is associated with accelerated cognitive decline and an increased risk of dementia, particularly in older individuals. Our findings suggest that surface-recorded ERPs and executive functions battery is useful for determining and follow up the changes in brain function associated with diabetes mellitus, appropriate management, and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus could prevent the onset and progression of mild cognitive impairment to dementia so executive function battery could be more beneficial and significant than P300 in the assessment of diabetes mellitus related cognitive impairment.

Background and purpose About 10-15%of all ischemic strokes occur in young adults ,limited researches have specifically addressed stroke in the young, also, the etiology of ischemic stroke in the young are heterogeneous and can be relatively uncommon the purpose is to identify different risk factors of stroke in young and elderly and predictors of in hospital mortality patient and method: consecutive 197 patient with acute ischemic stroke admitted to neurology department, Sohag university hospital subdivided into two groups according to the age and the cut of point between young and elderly is 50-year, clinical characteristics, risk factors and hospital mortality was compared in both groups Results: The prevalence of Rheumatic heart disease is common in ischemic stroke in young adult than elderly while hypertension is the most prevalence vascular risk factor, Charlson comorbidity index is independent predictor of hospital mortality of ischemic stroke in elderly Conclusion: Rheumatic heart disease still prevalent in young adult in a sample of Egyptian population, hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor Charlson comorbidity index and Scandinavian stroke scale on admission are predictors of hospital mortality in elderly and young adult respectively

Background: thrombolysis is the only approved pharmacological treatment for acute stroke. It acts as a mediator of recanalization and sometimes causes secondary hemorrhage depending on the size of the ischemic lesion, little is known about the efficacy and hemorrhagic complication of thrombolytic therapy, we aim to identify clinical predictors of hemorrhagic transformation. Methods: a cross-sectional comparative study in Sohag University Hospital for 1226 acute ischemic stroke patient admitted to our department from 1 st April 2019 till 31 st March 2020, of the 21 patients treated with thrombolytic therapy further subdivided into two groups; (Group A): patients who didn't complicate with hemorrhagic transformation and (group B) patients who developed hemorrhagic transformation after receiving intravenous thrombolysis, the correlation between hemorrhagic transformation and clinical characteristic, vascular risk factors, and demographic data is done. Results: We found a small percentage (1.7%) of acute ischemic stroke patients receiving thrombolytic therapy. Old age, ischemic heart disease, high admission NIHSS on admission, and NIHSS 24h after admission are associated with hemorrhagic transformation with p-value (0.024), (0.048), (0.085), and (0.001) respectively. Patients treated with thrombolytic therapy have statistically significant improvement in NIHSS 24h after admission in comparison to the admission NIHSS with a p-value (< 0.001). Conclusion: Elderly, high NIHSS on admission, and tachycardia are associated with hemorrhagic transformation following treatment with IV thrombolytic therapy, Despite the updated management of acute ischemic stroke only a small percentage (1.7%) of acute ischemic stroke patients receiving thrombolytic therapy, this in need of further investigations.