The CanScreen5 project is a global cancer screening data repository that aims to report the status and performance of breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening programs using a harmonized set of criteria and indicators. Data collected mainly from the Ministry of Health in each country underwent quality validation and ultimately became publicly available through a Web-based portal. Until September 2022, 84 participating countries reported data for breast (n = 57), cervical (n = 75) or colorectal (n = 51) cancer screening programs in the repository. Substantial heterogeneity was observed regarding program organization and performance. Reported screening coverage ranged from 1.7% (Bangladesh) to 85.5% (England, United Kingdom) for breast cancer, from 2.1% (Côte d’Ivoire) to 86.3% (Sweden) for cervical cancer, and from 0.6% (Hungary) to 64.5% (the Netherlands) for colorectal cancer screening programs. Large variability was observed regarding compliance to further assessment of screening programs and detection rates reported for precancers and cancers. A concern is lack of data to estimate performance indicators across the screening continuum. This underscores the need for programs to incorporate quality assurance protocols supported by robust information systems. Program organization requires improvement in resource-limited settings, where screening is likely to be resource-stratified and tailored to country-specific situations.
ResumenEl objetivo de la investigación fue demostrar la importancia de la intervención del profesional de enfermería en la educación sexual de preadolescentes, para tal fin se escogió un colegio al sur de Bogotá. El estudio se llevó a cabo por medio de la Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP), diseño metodológico que permite la interacción entre el investigador y la comunidad para así identificar las necesidades y buscar sus posibles soluciones. Se realizaron una serie de talleres en los cuales participaron los alumnos del grado quinto jornada de la mañana, sus respectivas profesoras y las realizadoras de la investigación; estos estaban encaminados a suplir necesidades y brindar herramientas a los preadolescentes para que puedan afrontar esta etapa de su vida con mayor seguridad y confianza en si mismos y en los demás, favoreciendo las relaciones intra e interpersonales. Al finalizar la serie de talleres se observaron cambios de conducta y autorreflexión frente a las temáticas tratadas en los talleres, evidenciándose en los resultados de la encuesta final. Esta investigación analizó el papel del profesional de enfermería en los programas de educación sexual interactuando con los docentes de los centros educativos y sus alumnos, con el objetivo de reforzar y mejorar el programa de educación sexual actual, tomando el ser humano como un ser biopsicosocial.Palabras clave: intervención de enfermería, educación sexual, preadolescentes
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