Recurrent instability and deficits of shoulder function are common after primary nonoperative treatment of an anterior shoulder dislocation. There is substantial variation in the risk of instability, with younger males having the highest risk and females having a much lower risk. Future clinical trials to evaluate primary interventions should evaluate the prevalence of recurrent instability and functional deficits, with use of an assessment tool specifically for shoulder instability, during the first two years after the initial dislocation.
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