A randomized control trial was conducted, to assess the effect of cold saline irrigation on post-operative pain in patients presenting with pain due to pulpal and periapical diseases. A total of 30 patients with pulpal necrosis and symptomatic apical periodontitis presenting in teeth, (whose preoperative visual analog scale (vas) was higher than 3, Out of 5), were chosen for the randomized trial. The patients were randomly allocated into control and experimental groups, after completion of cleaning and shaping. The experimental group received 20ml cold saline (2.5c) irrigation delivered to the working length, with a sterile cold needle for 5 mins. The same protocol was used in the control group with normal saline solution at room temperature. The patients were then instructed to record the presence, duration and level of postoperative pain at 6 hours and 24 hours, and analgesic intake. Chi-square test was used to compare, the incidence of postoperative pain. Comparison of number of analgesics between two groups, duration of pain and differences in post-operative pain intensity (at 6 and 24 hours) was analyzed using Mann-Whitney test.There was no statistical difference between the two groups.There is no significant difference between the experimental and the control group. Further studies are required with a larger sample size to get statistically significant results.

Introduction: To compare and evaluate the shear bond strength of sixth- and seventh-generation bonding agents with varying pH – an in vitro study. Materials and Methods: Eighty extracted human premolar teeth were collected and cleaned and polished with pumice and water. The root portion of teeth was resected, and only the coronal portion was embedded in the cold-cure acrylic resin. The labial surface of mounted teeth was prepared with a high-speed handpiece using #245 carbide bur. The samples prepared were divided into four groups, with 20 specimens in each group: Group A: Sixth-generation bonding agent, Adper Prompt L-Pop (APLP) (3M ESPE) Group B: Sixth-generation bonding agent, Xeno III (X III) (Dentsply) Group C: Seventh-generation bonding agent, Adper Easy One (AEO) (3M ESPE) Group D: Seventh-generation bonding agent, Xeno IV (X IV) (Dentsply). Tooth surface were rinsed and dried, and bonding agents were applied on tooth surface. Composite resin (Z-350 XT, 3M ESPE) was placed in a two-layer increment on tooth and was light cured. Specimens were subjected to the universal testing machine in a compression mode force at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min keeping blade parallel to the adhesive–dentin interface. Shear force required to debond the specimen was recorded in megapascal. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using ANOVA and post hoc test. Results: AEO (pH = 2.3, Group C seventh generation) showed higher bond strength, and pH values did not influence the shear bond strength significantly in the tested adhesive systems. Conclusion: The pH values did not influence the shear bond strength significantly in the tested adhesive systems. ADPER EASY ONE (pH= 2.3, GROUP C Seventh Generation) showed higher bond strength followed by XENO IV(pH = 2.1, GROUP D), XENO III (pH = 1.5, GROUP B) on dentinal surface ,where as ADPER PROMPT L POP (pH =0.7 to 1 Sixth Generation, GROUP A) showed lower bond strength.

Compromised teeth are challenging to the dentist which complicate the treatment plan which affects the long-term prognosis. Maxillary molars showing untreatable endodontic failure, periodontal attachment loss, extensive carious involvement or fractures involving the furcation area are often difficult to manage. Treatment option for such multi-rooted teeth can be root resection, or extraction and prosthetic replacement. Root resection procedure offers an economically viable treatment option for the patients to preserve the natural tooth. This article highlights 2 case reports of root resection in maxillary molar with different etiologies combined with the periodontal approach and prosthetic management with resultant successful oral rehabilitation.

This study aimed to compare the canal transportation and canal centering ability in the preparation of curved root canals after instrumentation with TruNatomy (TN) (TN; Dentsply Sirona, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and ProTaper Gold (PG) (PG; Dentsply, Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK, USA) files using cone‑beam computed tomography (CBCT). 30 Single rooted extracted human teeth with root curvature ranging from 20-30° according to Schneider’s method were selected. Teeth with any visible cracks or fractures, calcifications, previous root canal treatments were excluded. The teeth were randomly assigned into two groups i.e. Group 1-TN and Group 2-PG (n = 15 each). The teeth were instrumented according to manufacturer’s guidelines for both the groups. Canals were scanned using a CBCT scanner before and after preparation to evaluate the transportation and centering ratio at 3 mm, 5 mm, and 7 mm from the apex. The data analysis was done using SPSS software and the test used was independent sample t test for comparison between the 2 groups.Data obtained suggested that TN group presented lesser canal transportation at the middle third of the root. The PG group showed better centering abitily at apical third of the root canal when both the groups were compared. TN resulted in less transportation than PG at the middle third, and PG showed better centering ability at the apical third. Overall, both systems safely prepared root canals, causing minimal errors.

Esthetics can be described study of the beautiful, it objectives beauty and elicits pleasure. Esthetic materials can be described as those that closely mimic the tooth structure. There are large number of aesthetic material that have become available in the market. The variety of restorative options accessible to clinicians has changed spectacularly over the period of last 30 years. In 1981, the materials decisions to be made by a new dentist were very dissimilar than what they are nowadays. A progressively more mystifying array of potential new materials has now seen a way into the market. The dentist must decide material of choice for a particular case without relying on the claims the manufacturer promises. This review article emphasizes on the newly introduced materials such as Ormocers, Cention N and Zirconomers, and materials which are under research, and may see an introduction into the market in the near future for e.g. an antibacterial composite and a Glass ionomer cement incorporating bioactive glass, their advantages over the traditional predecessors and their properties.