Objective: Astaxanthin is one of the natural carotenoids with strong antioxidant characteristics which is widely used in skin care. The aim of this study was developed to formulate and characterize the antioxidant serum containing astaxanthin nanoemulsion and the diffusion rate studies using diffusion Franz method.
Methods: Astaxanthin nanoemulsion (As-NE) was prepared by using the self-nanoemulsifying method, followed by incorporation into serum preparation with the using carbomer as a gelling agent. Evaluation of serum As-NE was performed by physical, chemical characterizations and diffusion assay. Stability study was carried out in both accelerated (temperature of 40±2 °C/75±5%RH) and non-accelerated (at ambient temperature) conditions.
Results: These results suggest that antioxidant serum As-NE had good physical and chemical characteristics that are suitable for topical administration.
Conclusion: For the study of diffusion and stability under different storage conditions, it was proven that antioxidant serum As-NE form was packed in a carbomer as a gelling agent that could enhance the stability and diffusion rate of the astaxanthin.
Objective: Bleeding complications are a common concern with the use of combination of antiagregations and anticoagulant agents especially on acute coronary syndrome treatment. In selected situations such as life-threatening, reversing may be desired, but no specific antidotum for the newer agents such as enoxaparin, fondaparinux, levirudin, bivalirudin, and argatroban. Ageratum conyzoides L is a medicinal plants that have a hemostatic effect. The objective of the study is to know the hemostatic effect of A. conyzoides L to induction of acetosal, clopidogrel, and enoxaparin.Methods: A total of 20 mice are divided into five groups that are normal, negative, positive, Test I and II. There were no treatment for normal, induction of drugs combination for negative, induction of drugs combination and tranexamic acid for positive, induction of drugs combination and ethanolic extract of A. conyzoides L (100 mg/Kg BW) for Test I, induction of drugs combination and ethanolic extract of A. conyzoides L (250 mg/Kg BW) for Test II.Results: The Test Groups I and II showed reversing of clotting time to normal baseline and shown a significant difference (p<0.05) compared with the negative group. In addition, the Test Groups I and II showed significant difference (p<0.05) of bleeding time compared with the negative group and the Test II (250 mg/Kg BW) shown reversing of bleeding time to normal baseline.Conclusion: The hemostatic effect showed by ethanolic extract of A. conyzoides L to induction of combination acetosal, clopidogrel and enoxaparin are very valuable for reversing agent novel.
Golongan senyawa fenol dan flavonoid pada umbi dua varietas ubi jalar merupakan kontributor utama aktivitas antioksidan yang dipengaruhi oleh adanya pemanasan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu ekstraksi terhadap total fenol dan flavonoid umbi ubi jalar varietas ungu-ungu dan ungu-orange. Simplisia yang dipakai adalah dua varietas umbi ubi jalar yaitu umbi kulit luar berwarna ungu, bagian dalam berwarna ungu (UU) dan umbi kulit luar berwarna ungu, bagian dalam berwarna orange (UO). Simplisia diekstraksi dengan pelarut etil asetat menggunakan refluks pada titik didih pelarutnya dan maserasi pada suhu kamar sehingga diperoleh empat ekstrak etil asetat yaitu ekstrak maserasi dari umbi ubi jalar UU (UUM), ekstrak refluks dari umbi ubi jalar UU (UUR), ekstrak maserasi dari umbi ubi jalar UO (UOM) dan ekstrak refluks dari umbi ubi jalar UO (UOR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etil asetat UUR, UUM, UOR dan UOM secara berturut-turut memiliki nilai total fenol 6,79; 7,50; 5,87 dan 4,85(g GAE/100 g) dan total flavonoid 19,84; 16,24; 16,50 dan 9,65 (g QE/100 g). Perbedaan suhu ekstraksi hanya mempengaruhi total flavonoid umbi ubi jalar UU dan UO. Refluks adalah metode yang paling baik untuk menyari senyawa-senyawa flavonoid umbi UU dan UO.
di Indonesia sangat tinggi dan salah satu faktor mortalitasnya adalah penyakit komorbid yang diakibatkan karena tingginya radikal bebas didalam tubuh. Antioksidan dari luar diperlukan sebagai asupan untuk menghambat radikal bebas. Jahe merah merupakan sumber antioksidan alami yang sering digunakan dalam campuran minuman karena memiliki rasa pedas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan formulasi dan mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan produk minuman herbal jahe merah. Tahap pertama penelitian adalah preparasi simplisia, karakterisasi simplisia, ekstraksi simplisia jahe merah dan penapisan fitokimia ekstrak. Tahap kedua adalah formulasi minuman herbal, evaluasi produk dan evaluasi antioksidan produk menggunakan metode DPPH. Komposisi minuman herbal adalah 14,23 mL sari jahe , 57 mL susu UHT, 35,7 gram gula dan 143,07 mL air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara organoleptik produk stabil selama satu hari, sedangkan nilai pH 5,8; viskositas 16 cp (100 rpm); homogen dan cukup baik untuk uji hedonik. Evaluasi antikoksidan menunjukkan nilai IC50 asam askorbat dan produk minuman berturut-turut sebesar 6,39 μg/mL dan 8,44 μg/mL. Minuman herbal jahe merah memenuhi semua parameter standar dan minuman ini memiliki aktivitas antioksidan sangat kuat. Kata kunci: minuman herbal, jahe merah, antioksidan
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