Lifestyle is a key determinant in the prevention and management of chronic diseases. If we would exercise regularly, eat healthy, control our weight, sleep enough, manage stress, not smoke and use alcohol only moderately, 90% of type II diabetes, 80% of coronary heart disease, and 70% of stroke could be prevented. Health statistics show that lifestyle related diseases are increasing at an alarming rate. Public health promotion campaigns and healthcare together are not effective enough to stop this "tsunami". The solution that is offered is to empower people to manage their health with the assistance of ICT-enabled services. A lot of R&D and engineering effort is being invested in Personal Health Systems. Although some progress has been made, the market for such systems has not yet emerged. The aim of this critical review is to identify the barriers which are holding back the growth of the market. It looks into the theoretical foundations of behavior change support, the maturity of the technologies for behavior change support, and the business context in which behavior change support systems are used.

Integrating corporate social responsibility (CSR) into a for-profit organization's business activities is fraught with tensions. This paper reports a case study of a construction company, exploring how different tensions emerged to challenge companylevel aspirations for strategic CSR integration. The study identifies three types of persistent CSR tensions and four management practices, discussing how the management practices led the organization to navigate CSR tensions in both active and defensive ways. Furthermore, the study explicates why the case company succeeded in integrating CSR into formal business strategy and shared attitudes but struggled with CSR integration in the domain of day-today operations. The paper contributes to the CSR literature by developing a tension-centric perspective on CSR development. It highlights the necessity of tension navigation at both the organizational and the action levels, the key role of active (as opposed to defensive) navigation of CSR tensions, and the importance of alignment between organizational and action levels in navigating tensions for sustaining strategic focus on CSR over time.

Over the last few decades, some healthcare organizations have attempted to transform themselves from functional organizations to process-based ones. During the transition, many people have observed that certain organizational services are ill-suited to such a change in managerial approach. Process management is a way to describe and organize activities as a sequence, or flow, in order to realize benefits from focus and specialization. Some service operations are unsuited to this approach and require modifications.We suggest seven alternative modes of operation, each distinguished by different core-management issues, particularly control points and management levers, which should be used as the basis for measuring and monitoring. The operational-modes perspective attempts to solve the demand/supply mismatch by segmenting patients according to need types, and devising corresponding supply organizations that focus on one type of medical problem. The model applies only to a demand that can be segmented. Unspecified demand must be met by other means.Segmentation is based on the distinction of need types such as:• Discrete/Continuous The modes and their respective managerial focal points are described below. Visit-Based Mode:In the visit-based mode, the unit of service amounts to a single visit. This mode is typical of primary-care providers, such as community health centres, which often constitute a patient's first encounter with the healthcare system. The patient is treated during one visit. If that is not possible, the patient is referred elsewhere, or the mode changes into a process.This kind of visit is distinctive in that it largely consists of an information exchange and a personal interaction between the service provider and the patient. When clinical interventions occur, they are of a relatively simple nature, and the patient's medical history is not highly relevant.The core management issues in the visit-based mode are access, scheduling, and keeping the amount of visits per health problem optimal. Cure Mode:The cure mode is related to the treatment of curable diseases, or ailments, with an assumed end. The unit of analysis is a process sequence, combined with a patient episode consisting of a string of health events. A cure is a combination of from