No abstract

Naturalistic playground observations are a rich source of information when studying the social interactions of preschool children. On the playground, children can interact with their peers, explore different places and activities, and engage in different types of play. For deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) children, interactions at a playground can be more difficult because of the large number of auditory stimuli surrounding them. Constraints in the access to the social world on the playground might hamper DHH children’s interactions with their typically hearing (TH) peers, activities, and play. This pilot study aimed to examine the playground behaviors of preschool DHH children across three aspects: social levels, type of activities, and play choices. For this purpose, 12 preschool DHH children were observed during recess time, and their behaviors were coded and compared to their 85 TH peers. The preliminary findings indicate that DHH children spend less time in social interactions compared to their TH peers and that they still face difficulties when socially engaging with their TH peers. These findings suggest that interventions should focus on three aspects: the physical environment awareness of TH peers about communicating with DHH children, and the use of exercise play to facilitate social interactions between DHH children and their TH peers.

Poster PresentationsP163 at 2 hours after irradiation. EGR-1 knock-down cells displayed decreased radiation-induced apoptosis, compared with control cells in cell apoptosis assay. Cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 7, cleaved PARP, and Bax activation was decreased by EGR-1 knock-down after irradiation.Conclusions: EGR-1 had abundant expression in human HNSCC tissue. EGR-1 knock-down decreased radiationinduced apoptosis through caspase 3, caspase, 7, PARP, and Bax. EGR-1 may play an important role in treatment response after radiation therapy in human HNSCC.

No abstract

Background: Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction is frequent and paediatric endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is increasingly used after conservative treatment failure. Methodology: Retrospective noncomparative case series study was conducted from January 2007 to August 2017. Patients under 18 years old with nasolacrimal system obstruction who underwent endoscopic DCR were studied. All children were referred to our otorhinolaryngology department in a tertiary referral paediatric hospital. Population characteristics, presentation symptoms, success rate and predictive factors for failure were analysed. Results: 30 children were identified. Ages varied from 2 to 13 years old. Simultaneous bilateral surgery was performed in 5/30 (16,7%) children. Silicone stents were used in 93% of interventions with a mean time to removal of 9,6 weeks. Persistent epiphora was found in 43% of children and recurrent dacryocystitis in 57%. Success rate for primary DCR was 83,3%. Revision surgery was performed in 16,7% of cases. Minor complications rate was 13,3%. The presence of concomitant chronic nasal infections pointed for surgery failure reaching statistical significant value (p=0.0456). Conclusions: Paediatric endonasal endoscopic DCR seems to be an effective, safe and minimally invasive technique for the treatment of mechanical nasolacrimal system obstruction.