Since the discovery of insecticide properties of DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane) and HCH (hexachlorocyclohexane), they have provided great benefits to humans in sanitary actions to combat the spread of infection-borne disease vectors. Public Health Programs in Mexico used DDT and HCH until 1999 as the insecticides of choice to control disease-transmitting organisms. Because of their persistence and accumulative properties, organochlorine pesticides bioconcentrate in lipids of the human body, reflecting the rate of environmental exposure. Eighty human abdominal adipose tissue samples from Veracruz and 80 samples from Puebla were analyzed and the obtained results were compared among both populations. The results from Veracruz showed higher contamination levels (mg/kg on lipid base) compared to Puebla: beta-HCH, 0.072 vs. 0.029; pp'DDE (Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene), 2.364 vs. 0.726; op'DDT, 0.022 vs. 0.025; pp'DDT, 0.192 vs. 0.061; and Sigma-DDT, 2.589 vs. 0.806. The population from Veracruz and from Puebla divided by sex, origin, and cause of death presented no statistical differences. The comparison between sexes (women and men groups) at Veracruz and Puebla indicated significantly higher levels in Veracruz and statistical significant differences. Calculating possible risks (odds ratios, OR), pp'DDE (OR = 5.04) and op'DDT (OR = 2.93) revealed significantly higher risk for the Veracruz population. The study indicated prolonged DDT exposure of Mexicans caused by the past sanitary use and persistence of its residues in soils and air.

La importancia de realizar estudios sobre el uso del forraje verde hidropónico de maíz (FVHM) es porque, se ha evaluado poco el impacto productivo y económico en la alimentación de los cerdos en la región de la Costa de Oaxaca. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el comportamiento productivo en cerdos en crecimiento con FVH como suplemento, con dietas a base de alimento comercial y con inclusión de FVHM. La investigación se realizó durante los meses de agosto a noviembre de 2017. Se evaluaron cuatro tratamientos [T1: testigo, T2: 85/15%; T3: 70/30% y T4: 55-45% de alimento comercia y FVHM respectivamente], bajo un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento. Se utilizaron 16 cerdos desparasitados y vacunados, con peso inicial de 10.41 kg. Se evaluó consumo total de alimento (CTA), conversión alimenticia (CA), ganancia de peso total (GPT) y la relación costo-beneficio (RCB). Los datos obtenidos se analizaron mediante Proc. GLM de SAS. Las medias fueron comparadas con la prueba de Tukey. Se encontraron diferencias (p˂ 0.05) en el CTA, donde fue mayor a 110 kg. La GPT más alta fue de 42.67 kg. En cuanto a RCB se mejoran los parámetros productivos a medida que se incrementa el porcentaje FVHM (45%) en la dieta de los cerdos. Se concluye que con la inclusión de 30% de FVHM en la dieta de los cerdos en crecimiento se mejora su comportamiento productivo.

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The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the Urochloa Insurgent, Piata and Signal grasses by varying the phenology in the attributes: stem population dynamics, tissue replacement, leaf:stem relation and weight per stem. The data were analyzed using a completely randomized block design with arrangement in divided plots and four replications, the procedure used was PROC GLM from SAS. The Signal grass presented higher stem density with an average of 450 m −2 stems, while the meadow with Insurgent grass registered the lowest stem density throughout the investigation, with an average of 320 m −2 stems; furthermore, in this treatment, the stem density tended to increase slowly over time (P = 0.05). The Insurgente and signal grasses showed rapid leaf elongation from day 21 of regrowth with 123 and 104 cm stem −1 , while in Piata the accelerated leaf elongation was on day 14 with 113 cm stem −1 where it remained active its growth until day 56 (P > 0.05). As the regrowth age was increasing, the population dynamics of stems and weight per stem were increasing; in Insurgent and signal the leaf elongation and net growth increased to a maximum point to start declining; however, in Piata grass was increasing without decreasing. The trend of the leaf:stem relation was decreasing as the test progressed and senescence increased from day 21 of regrowth.