As presented by Georgio Agamben, the notion of sacer (sacred) appears to be an unavoidable element to analyze the structure of occidental political thought from its very beginning up to the present time. Such interpretation throws new ideas on an essential question: the relationship between politics and economy in Aristotle, the one who had the most complete political project of the ancient world. In that sense, money has a privileged place to deepen Aristotle's thought. As much in the critique of accumulation and the usury that takes place in his analysis of chrematistics (Politics 1256b-1258a) as well as in the need to consecrate ill-gotten gains in democracies (Politics 1320a), it is clear that money appears in crucial points for defining the relationship between sacred and profane, between politics and the economy. The attempt of this communication will be, then, to make a concrete study of the Aristotelian passages previously mentioned along with commentary on some complementary notes taken from the Nicomaquean Ethics and the Constitution of Athens and to integrate them with Agamben's explanation of the Homo Sacer. For that reason, categories as 'sacred', 'use', and 'exclusion' will be fundamental for this study.

<p>This article describes the main theses of some of the most celebrated authors that have explored the meaning of economy in Aristotle in Modern times. Firstly, the debate between the "modernist" and "primitivist" doctrines, which led to the subsequent discussion will be reviewed. Then, the ideas of Karl Marx, Joseph Schumpeter, Karl Polanyi and Moses Finley will be discussed. The object of this work is to show the interpretative debate and not to study Aristotelian economic ideas themselves.</p>

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O artigo objetiva refletir sobre alguns aspectos do pensamento de Maquiavel, em particular seus posicionamentos em relação à célebre virtù (como faceta primordial da ragion di Stato), entendidos a partir da perspectiva categórica da filosofia prática. Para isso, por um lado, serão revisadas as opiniões expressadas pelo florentino contra a ideia de virtude como forma universal e abstrata e a favor de um ajustamento permanente com as contingencias do mundo. De outro lado, a análise de um trabalho pouco considerado pela maioria dos comentadores de Maquiavel, como A vida de Castruccio Castracani (lido em concomitância com os clássicos O Príncipe e Discursos), ajudará a sustentar tal interpretação, em relação à conceição maquiaveliana da virtù e sua colocação sobre a necessidade de estabelecer o Estado nacional. Palavras-Chave: Maquiavel. Virtù. Castruccio Castracani.