Abstract-This study investigates the antibacterial property of Rhus coriaria (Sumac) and Origanum vulgare (Jatra) aqueous extracts against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27835. Results confirm the resistance of the bacterial isolates against more than three antibiotics. The aqueous extract of R. coriaria showed the highest activity as an inhibitor against tested bacteria, while the aqueous extract of O. vulgare shows low effect against the above mentioned bacteria. MIC for R. coriaria and O. vulgare aqueous extracts were determined for four bacterial isolates. The MIC of O. vulgare against tested bacteria was >12%, while the MIC of R. coriaria was 4% for E. coli, <0.025% for both K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis and 2% for P. aeruginosa. The phytochemical groups of both plants extract were analyzed; the results indicated both plants contain tannins, phenols and saponins, flavonoid, alkaloid, and phlobatanin. The antimitotic effect of both plants extracts were investigated on Allium cepa, and the extracts showed inhibitory role in the root growth in contrast to the control when grown in the tap water for 5 days. In addition, the 24 hours treatment of grown roots in tap water with both extracts resulted in significant decrease in mitotic index.Index Terms-Antibacterial agents, antimitotic index, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, plant extracts, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis.

Herbal spices, being a promising source of phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins and carotenoids, are usually used to impart flavor and enhance the shelf-life of dishes and processed food products (2).

This study includes isolation of bacteria from eyelids of ten females use eye cosmetic (A) and ten from those use natural eyeliner (B) in addition to those do not use any things (C: male (3) and female (7)) by swab taken from students of college of Education/ Scientific Dept.-Biology Dept. The bacteria identified depending on cultural, morphological and some biochemical properties and according to their identity they included (S. aurus and S. epidermidis where the percentage of each of them was 40%, 40% and 20% for group A, B and C respectively and S. capitis was 30%, 10% and 60% for group A, B and C), while the Gram negative isolates represented with E. coli where the percentage was 70% and 30% for group A and B. Antibacterial activity of nine aqueous plant extracts was tested against twenty selected isolates.. All isolates did not show any susceptibility against extract of ginger and less susceptibility against nutmeg and senna. While all isolates showed moderate sensitivity against the extract of coriander. The antibacterial activity of each of fennel, cubeb and turmeric had a strong effect against the isolates, while black tea and black dry lime extracts showed more strongly effect against growth of isolates. The results showed that E. coli isolates were more resistance against the most extracts and in different concentrations comparing with other isolates.

IntroductIon oral diseases continue to be a major health problem worldwide. dental caries and periodontal diseases are among the most important global oral health problems. Bacterial plaque plays the primary role in the pathogenesis of the disease. dental plaque is a general term for the diverse microbial community (predominantly bacteria) found on the tooth surface, embedded in a matrix of polymers of bacterial and salivary origin. Plaque develops naturally on teeth, and forms part of the defense systems of the host by helping to prevent colonization of enamel by exogenous (and often pathogenic) microorganisms (colonization resistance) (1-3). As the principal etiological agent of human dental caries, Streptococcus mutans has developed multiple mechanisms to colonize the tooth surface and, under certain conditions, to become a numerically significant species in cariogenic biofilms (1, 4). In drug discovery, most studies have examined on the antimicrobial potential of medicinal plants and other natural products measured as either killing or inhibiting the microbial growth. natural products including medicinal plants are still major sources of innovative therapeutic agents for the various conditions of human diseases. the populations in rural developing countries rely heavily on traditional healers and medicinal plants as a basis to treat various maladies in spite of the availability of modern medicine. the world health organization reported that 80% of the world populations rely mainly on traditional medicine. Herbal medicine of natives in every country forms a major part of the world heritage of the plant material medical (5).

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