The anions of thiophosphinic and selenophosphinic acids R2P(X) YH (X = S, Se; Y = O, S, Se) can act as bidentate ligands. They combine with many metals to form complexes containing a four‐membered chelate ring, or to give coordination polymers in which they form ligand bridges. The preparation, properties, and reactions of these compounds, as well as the dielectric properties and analytical use of dithiophosphinato complexes, which are also of industrial interest, are described. Some thiophosphinato and selenophosphinato complexes exhibit concentration‐dependent association via ligand bridges. Evidence of the chelate nature of the ligands R2P(X)Y⊖ was obtained from IR spectroscopic studies. The ligand field parameters of the anion (C2H5)2P(S)S⊖ were deduced from the electronic spectra of octahedral diethyldithiophosphinato complexes, and the position of the ligand in the spectrochemical and nephelauxetic series were determined from these parameters.
methyl ether 21 x, dioxane 34%). 1,3-Butadiene and 1methylcyclopropene are the usual by-products and therefore it has never been possible to achieve higher than 90% purity. Potassium amide cleaves boiling dioxane and is therefore not suitable for this synthesis.A particular advantage of the LiNHz method is that the thermally unstable ( I ) is immediately formed in a very pure form. Even a t O°C the exothermic oligomerization of ( I ) results in numerous hydrocarbons (C4H6)n where n = 2 (>2 isomers), n = 3 (>6 isomers), and n = 4 ( 2 7 isomers), which can be detected by a combination of GC-MS. On the other hand, dropwise addition of a pre-cooled (-78 "C) 3-4 M solution of ( I ) in pentane t o ethyldiborane at -5 "C leads t o high yields of ethyl-(2-methylcyclopropyl)boranes whose retention times in the gas chromatogram are identical with those of the ethyl-(trans-2-methylcyclopropyl)boranes formed from I-methylcyclopropene [51. Oligomerization of ( I ) during hydroboration occurs only up to a maximum The LiNH2 method is also superior to the NaNH2 method in tetrahydrofuran [61 or in dioxaner71 for the preparation of I-methylcyclopropene from 3-chloro-2-methylpropene (methallyl chloride) (yield ca. 40%; 97% purity). The experimental procedure is entirely analogous to that described below. of 20%. 3-Methylcyclopropene ( I )l-Chloro-2-butene~21 (118 g, 1.3 moles) is added dropwise over a period of 6 hours to a well stirred suspension of LiNH2 (30 g, 1.31 moles) in boiling dioxane (140 ml) containing about 0.6 g H20. The resulting gas mixture is carried in a stream of argon, bubbled through 5 N HzSO4 (300 ml), and trapped a t -78 OC.Compound ( I ) is obtained in 30% yield (21.5 g; 98% purity) along with traces (GC) of 1,3-butadiene and some unidentified compounds (1.5 %); b.p. -4 " C (unstable). -Mass spectrum: 54 (50) (Me) with fragment ions (rel. intensity), 53 (43.9, 39 (loo), 28 (45.8), 27 (61.8), and 26 (30.1). -IH-NMR spectrum (-40°C, neat): T = 2.82 (d,J % 1 Hz), 8.54 (m), and 9.03 ppm (d,J = 5 Hz) in the ratio 1.9:1.2:2.9 (calc. I n contrast t o the extensively investigated metal complexes [RzPSz],M of dithiophosphinic acids the corresponding compounds of dithioarsinic acids have, to the best of our knowledge, not previously been reported [**I.By passing hydrogen sulfide into a boiling ethanolic solution of sodium dimethylarsinate ( 1 ) we have been able t o prepare sodium dimethyldithioarsinate (2) and t o isolate (CH3)2As(O)ONa + 2 HIS id (CH3)2As(S)SNa + 2 HzO ( 1 ) ( 2) it in almost quantitative yield as the dihydrate (stable, colorless crystals, m.p. 181-182 "C). In wateriethanol this compound reacts with numerous metal ions to give complexes of the type (3), most of which are intensely colored. Magnetic(B.M.) Co(rr) greenThe complexes are insoluble in water. Only the octahedral Cr(iI1) and the planar Ni(i1) complexes dissolve in benzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, or methylene chloride. According to osmometric measurements the Cr(m) complex is present as the monomer in chloroform. The magnetic m...
Die Anionen der Y H (X = S, Se; Y = 0, S, Se) k6nnen als zweizdhnige Liganden fungieren. Sie bilden mit vielen Metallen Komplexe, die einen viergliedrigen Chelatring enthalten, oder Koordinationspolymere, in denen sie als Ligandenbrucken vorliegen. uber Darstellung, Eigenschaften und Reaktionen dieser Verbindungen wird ebenso wie iiber die dielektrischen Eigenschaften und die analytische Verwendbarkeit der auch technisch interessanten Dithiophosphinato-Komplexe berichtet. Einige Thio-und Selenophosphinato-Komplexe sind konzentrationsabhangig uber Ligandenbriicken assoziiert. Anhaltspunkte fur die Chelatnatur der Liganden R2P(X) Y e ergaben sich aus IR-spektroskopischen Untersuchungen. Aus den Elektronenspektren oktaedrischer Diathyldithiophosphinato-Komplexe konnten die Ligandenfeldparameter des Anions (CzH&P(S)Se abgeleitet werden, nach denen der Ligand in die spektrochemische und nephelauxetische Reihe eingeordnet wird.Phosphinsauren RzP(0)OH unterscheiden sich formal dadurch von der Orthophosphorsaure, daD in dieser zwei OH-Gruppen durch Alkyl oder Aryl ersetzt sind. Werden daruberhinaus die beiden verbleibenden Sauerstoffatome partiell oder vollstandig durch Schwefel undloder Selen ersetzt, so resultieren Sauren der allgemeinen Formel RzP(X)YH (X = S, Se; Y = 0, S, w.Die Anionen dieser Sauren konnen als zweizhnige Liganden fungieren. Mit vielen Metallen bilden sie Chelatkomplexe, z. B. des Typs ( I ) , oder Koordinationspolymere, in denen sie als Ligandenbrucken vorliegen. Im folgenden sol1 eine ubersicht uber diese Verbindungsklasse gegeben werden. Hierbei werden die Dithiophosphinato-Komplexe vorangestellt, da sie bisher am eingehendsten untersucht wurden.
EBei der Umsetzung von Schwefelwasserstoff mit Natriumkakodylat entsteht in glatter Reaktion das Natriumsalz der Dimethyldithioarsinsaure, (CH&As(S)SNa .2 H20, das mit einer Reihe von Metallen Dithioarsinatokomplexe des Typs 2 gibt.Uber die Ergebnisse magnetischer und spektroskopischer Untersuchungen an diesen Komplexen sowie iiber einige ihrer Reaktionen wird berichtet. Metal Complexes of Dimethyldithioarsinic AcidThe reaction of hydrogen sulfide with sodium cacodylate gives in good yield the sodium salt of dimethyldithioarsinic acid, (CH&As(S)SNa . 2 HzO, which forms dithioarsinates of the type 2 with metals.The spectral and magnetic properties and some of the reactions of these complexes are reported. REine Reihe von Metallkomplexen der Phosphinsauren R2P(X)YH (X, Y = 0, S, Se) sind in Losung uber Ligandenbriicken konzentrationsabhangig assoziiert 1.2). Der Assoziationsgrad hangt von der Art der Donatoratome X und Y sowie von GroRe und Hybridisierungszustand des Zentral-Ions ab 2). Hierbei handelt es sich offensichtlich urn geometrische Faktoren, die die Spannung im Chelatvierring beeinflussen und damit ausschlaggebend fur dessen Konkurrenzfahigkeit gegenuber den spannungsarmeren Ligandenbruckenringen sind, wie sie in den Assoziaten (,,Catenaten") vorliegen. Modellbetrachtungen zufolge ist daruber hinaus auch die ~~ 1 ) W. Kuchen und
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