Introduction: Hypogonadism and inflammato-ry bowel disease (IBD) are often associated. This association may influence sexual and reproductive function in IBD, including sperm profile and sex steroid hormones. Patients and methods: This study included 59 IBD patients diag-nosed with ulcerative colitis type IBD. Anamnesis was carried out regarding the history of the disease, along with a history of rectal bleeding. Evaluation proceeded with sperm and hormone examination if the patient agreed.Results: Progressive motility sperm, immotile sperm, and normal sperm were found to be significantly different between the rectal bleeding groups. In grade 3 (more significant bleeding) progres-sive sperm (24.81 ± 5.85, p < 0.0001) and normal sperm (6.33 ± 12.56, p = 0.0003) rates tended to be lower, while immotile sperm tended to be higher (44.48 ± 11.21, p < 0.0001). Testosterone and free testosterone levels were also reported to be significantly different between groups, where grade 3 had lower levels 255.9 ± 30.08, p = 0.014 and 4.645 ± 0.5, p = 0.002 respectively.Conclusions: Our study shows that the degree of rectal bleeding influences sperm motility and morphology, as well as testos-terone and free testosterone levels. These results can concern managing IBD patients to fulfill reproductive health care.

BACKGROUND: The vascular calcification process in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complication caused by mineral and bone abnormalities and becomes the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in CKD patients. KLOTHO is an inhibitor of calcification and its expression has been observed to decrease in CKD patients. The KLOTHO gene G395A polymorphism is a genetic variation that is common in Asian populations and is associated with vascular dysfunction in hemodialysis patients. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine the association between the KLOTHO gene G395A polymorphism and carotid artery calcification in regular hemodialysis patients. METHODS: This study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design and was carried out at Rasyida Kidney Hospital Medan. Venous blood sample was taken from the patients who met the inclusion criteria for examination of the KLOTHO gene -395 polymorphism and carotid ultrasonography was assessed to evaluate the thickness of the tunica media-intima as a marker of vascular calcification. RESULTS: The majority of the study subjects were men, as many as 35 patients (50.7%). From the results of the KLOTHO gene -395 polymorphism, it was found that the majority of subjects had GG genotypes as many as 36 people (52.2%) followed by GA genotypes as many as 30 people (43,5%) and AA genotypes as many as 3 (4,3%). There was a statistically significant of the association between KLOTHO gene -395 polymorphism and the incidence of carotid artery calcification (p = 0,015). CONCLUSION: There was an association between the KLOTHO gene G395A polymorphism and carotid artery calcification in regular hemodialysis patients.

(COVID-19) pandemic, is a respiratory infection-related with the advancement of thromboembolic intricacies and respiratory distress in extreme cases. The expanded danger of pulmonary embolism and thrombosis has been recognized in COVID-19 patients, close by going with rises in likely prognostic biomarkers, including D-dimer, IL-6, and cardiovascular explicit troponins. Methods: Authors conducted a literature search carried out through the PubMed, Science Direct, Medline, and Google Scholar search engines consist of the thrombosis mechanism in COVID-19. Results: Coronavirus infection is portrayed by the communications between hyperactive coagulation and supplement frameworks – incited by hyper-inflammatory conditions, bringing about a supportive of thrombotic state and diffuse tissue injury. There are a few promising prognostic markers of sickness seriousness, with D-dimer the most critical. The presence of thrombocytopenia has all the earmarks of being a critical pointer of patient disintegration. Conclusion: Thrombosis in COVID-19 ought to be overseen as it would be for any sick patient, following the setup training of utilizing thromboembolic prophylaxis for fundamentally not well-hospitalized patients, and standard steady consideration.

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Background: Ischemic heart disease is one of the interrelated disease amongst cardiovascular disease group. Pathophysiological model of ischemic heart disease and myocardial ischemia are caused by obstructive atherosclerotic plaque, which involves the narrowing of small blood vessels that oxygenate the heart muscle by the build-up of plaque. Diet plays an important role in ischemic heart disease. Copper, an essential trace metal micronutrient, is required for myocardial angiogenesis action. Copper deficiency leads to cardiac mitochondrial structural defect and interference in oxidative phosphorylation. Aims: This study aims to examine the association between blood copper levels amd the incidence of ischemic heart disease. Methods: A total of 30 patients in cardiovascular clinic in Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital in Medan, Indonesia from September 2021 until January 2022 were included in this cross-sectional study, with descriptive analytics. Demographic data, smoking behavior, supplement consumption, anthropometry measurements, body mass index, medical history were collected. Food frequency questionnaire (semiquantitative FFQ) was used to obtain food recall data. Blood level of copper were analysed in Prodia Clinical Laboratory. Results: Out of 30 patients in this study, 70% were male with a mean age of 60.6 years old. Research subjects who had risk factor of smoking were as much as 33.3%. Comorbidities such as dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus were apparent, which were 63.3% and 30%, respectively. Sixty percent of the subjects were sedentary with mean body mass index 25.9 kg/m2. Median level of copper consumed daily was 1400 mcg/day and mean blood copper level was 1034,5 mg/L. Based on the blood copper level analysis of the subjects, we found  an insignificant negative correlation between blood copper level with the incidence of ischemic heart disease (r = -0.050; p <0.795). Conclusion: This study found no association between blood copper levels and the incidence of ischemic heart disease.