Frames for Hilbert spaces are interesting for mathematicians but also important for applications in, e.g., signal analysis and physics. In both mathematics and physics, it is natural to consider a full scale of spaces, and not only a single one. In this paper, we study how certain frame-related properties of a certain sequence in one of the spaces, such as completeness or the property of being a (semi-) frame, propagate to the other ones in a scale of Hilbert spaces. We link that to the properties of the respective frame-related operators, such as analysis or synthesis. We start with a detailed survey of the theory of Hilbert chains. Using a canonical isomorphism, the properties of frame sequences are naturally preserved between different spaces. We also show that some results can be transferred if the original sequence is considered—in particular, that the upper semi-frame property is kept in larger spaces, while the lower one is kept in smaller ones. This leads to a negative result: a sequence can never be a frame for two Hilbert spaces of the scale if the scale is non-trivial, i.e., if the spaces are not equal.

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The notation of generalized Bessel multipliers is obtained by a bounded operator on ℓ 2 which is inserted between the analysis and synthesis operators. We show that various properties of generalized multipliers are closely related to their parameters, in particular it will be shown that the membership of generalized Bessel multiplier in the certain operator classes requires that its symbol belongs in the same classes, in special sense. Also, we give some examples to illustrate our results. As we shall see, generalized multipliers associated with Riesz bases are well-behaved, more precisely in this case multipliers can be easily composed and inverted. Special attention is devoted to the study of invertible generalized multipliers. Sufficient and/or necessary conditions for invertibility are determined. Finally, the behavior of these operators under perturbations is discussed.

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