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A Au dendrite structure was obtained by only electroplating under a suitable potential. A blanch like nanostructure was formed along the crystal orientation. In this study, we attempted to fabricate a Au dendrite structure on the electrode of a quartz crystal by electroplating to increase the specific surface area. We estimated the effective surface area by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and monitored the frequency shift induced by antigenantibody interaction by the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) method. The dendrite structure with the largest surface area was formed under %0.95 V for 5 min. In the measurement of the antigen-antibody interaction, the frequency shifts of 40, 80, and 110 Hz were obtained with the dendrite structured QCM chips formed at the above potential for 1, 1.5, and 2.0 min, respectively. The sensitivity was improved compared with that QCM chip having a flat surface electrode.

Nanostructured Au was obtained on an electrode of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) chip by anodization in an oxalic acid solution. The effective surface area was expanded by these nanostructures and evaluated by electrochemical measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Several morphologies, such as a nanosphere and a spongy structure, were observed under various anodic conditions. We demonstrated that a QCM chip with an anodized Au electrode was effective in biosensing because of its large surface area. The frequency shift corresponding to an antigen–antibody reaction improved on a Au nanosphere electrode compared with a flat surface electrode and spongy structure.

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