Intensive cropping pattern has deprived the soil of essential plant nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). This has resulted in lowering maize yield. P application control plant growth behavior. P is needed for utilization of sugar and starch, photosynthesis, cell division, nucleus and fat and albumen formation. K is well documented in protein synthesis, enzyme activation, stomatal movement, water relation and photosynthesis in plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of P and K on yield and yield components of maize. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design during 2014-15 at Agronomy Research Farm of Agriculture University Peshawar-Pakistan. Maize hybrid "Pioneer-3025" was use as a test crop. Experiment was composed of four levels of P (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha -1 ) and four level of K (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha -1 ). Result showed that P applied at 120 kg ha -1 increased rows ear -1 by 40%, grains row -1 by 18%, grains ear -1 by 41%, thousand grains weight by 8%, biological yield by 41%, stover yield by 34%, grain yield by 55% and harvest index by 10% over control. Similarly, K applied at 90 kg ha -1 increased rows ear -1 by 40%, grains row -1 by 15%, grains ear -1 by 36%, thousand grains weight by 8%, biological yield by 36%, stover yield by 25%, grain yield by 56% and harvest index by 15% over control. It is concluded that P at the rate of 120 kg ha -1 and K at the rate of 90 kg ha -1 should be applied for improved yield and yield component of maize in agro climatic conditions of Peshawar.

Nitrogen and sulfur supplies have a strong influence on the physical characteristics of crop as well as on the quality and quantity of wheat storage proteins, which play an important role in bread-making process. In order to evaluate the contribution of soil and foliar fertilization of nitrogen and sulfur on physiological and quality assessment of wheat, a field trail was carried out having randomized complete block design with four replications and eight different treatments of nitrogen and sulfur combinations were allotted to plots at different growth stages. Results indicated that highest protein content (12.82%), maximum moisture content (10.9%), maximum crop growth rate and maximum absolute growth rate were recorded when the wheat crop was fertilized with T 8 [Nitrogen @ 60 kg•ha −1 at sowing + 40 kg•ha −1 at tillering + 10 kg•ha −1 at anthesis (spray) + 10 kg•ha −1 after anthesis (spray)] + [Sulfur @ 15 kg•ha −1 at sowing + 10 kg•ha −1 at anthesis (spray) + 5 kg•ha −1 after anthesis (spray)], while control practice resulted low moisture content, low protein, minimum crop growth rate and low absolute growth rate. Among physiological components of wheat cultivars, leaf area index was enhanced when fertilization was done with T 5 (Sulfur @ 15 kg•ha −1 at sowing + 10 kg•ha −1 at anthesis + 5 kg•ha −1 after anthesis). In all the recorded observations, concerning experiment wheat cultivar Pirsabaq-2005 showed appreciable response as compared with other variety (Khyber-87). Thus it is possible to obtain maximum physiological traits as well as bread-making quality of wheat through soil and foliar application of nitrogen and sulfur.

Meeting the food requirements of increasing population, production of more wheat is one of the key areas for researchers. Selection of cultivar with respect to sowing time for a particular agro-ecological zone plays a vital role in the improvement of wheat productivity. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to work out the suitable sowing time for the cultivars' high yield at the Herbarium of Malakand University, Dir th and 22 nd ) were applied to main plot, while ten wheat cultivars (Pak-2013, Dharabi-2011, Tatara, Lalma, Chakwal-50, Shahkar-2013, Pirsabak-2005, Hashim-2008, KT-2000 and Siran-2010 ), respectively. It was concluded that early sowing in the season improved the yield and yield component of wheat crop. Wheat cultivar Pakistan-2013 was found the best in all aspects. Hence, wheat cultivar Pakistan-2013 is recommended for early sowing, while wheat cultivars Shahkar-2013 and Chakwal-50 are recommended for late sowing in the rainfed areas of Malakand division particularly Dir valley.