Background and Aim: Pathological variation and image overlapping due to several endometrial conditions could be challenging for radiologists. Diffused weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is a reliable and promising imaging technique for the diagnosis and characteristics of endometrial lesions. The present study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of diffused weighted magnetic imaging resonance in differentiating between malignant and benign endometrial soft-tissue lesions. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 50 suspected endometrial lesions in the department of radiology, Benazir Bhutto hospital, Rawalpindi from January 2021 to December 2021. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used for all the participants meeting the inclusion criteria. Patients were categorized into two groups; Group I and Group II comprised 25 suspected benign and malignant endometrial lesions respectively. All the study patients were subjected to ultrasound and MRI examination of the pelvis. DWI imaging was done and the ADC value was calculated at a high b value. Histopathological data was collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: Of the total 50 endometrial lesions, histopathological results were divided into the malignant group (25 lesions, 50%) and benign group (25 lesions, 50%). Out of 50, 38 lesions (21/25 benign and 17/25 malignant lesions) were correctly diagnosed by the conventional magnetic resonance imaging technique. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive positive value (PPV), and negative-positive value (NPV) of conventional MRI were 76.82%, 79.41%, 74.12%, AND 81.5% respectively. However, combining the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value at b=1000 with DWI, about 48 lesions (24/25 benign and 24/25 malignant lesions) were correctly diagnosed. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive positive value (PPV), and negative-positive value (NPV) of conventional MRI were 94.82%, 93.23%, 91.6%, and 97% respectively. Conclusion: Diffusion-weighted MRI can help in distinguishing uterine endometrial lesions as benign and malignant. The diagnostic accuracy of Combined DWI with ADC mapping is higher than conventional MRI when differentiating benign lesions from malignant lesions. Additionally, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of combined DWI with ADC mapping increased in pelvic MRI examination for differentiating endometrial focal lesions. Keywords: Pelvic ultrasound; MRI Pelvis; Benign and Malignant endometrial lesions, Validity.

Background and Aim: Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging plays a significant role in the identification and characterization of breast tumors whereas Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) differentiates the benign lesions from malignant lesions. The present study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging in the diagnosis of breast tumors. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 92 suspicious breast tumors patients underwent Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the department of Radiology of Holy Family Hospital and Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi from November 2020 to August 2021.DCE-MRI with DWI combination was subjected to morphologic and kinetic analyses. These findings were compared with standard histopathological findings.DWI values were used to calculate apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC). We compared the ADCs of benign and malignant lesions. Morphologic kinetic features and ADCs were evaluated together for the combined MRI protocol. DCEMRI, DWI, and combined MRI diagnostic values were computed. SPSS version 23 was used for statistical analysis. Results:Out of 92 suspicious breast tumors, patients who underwent MRI, benign and malignant were 34 (37%) and 58 (63%) respectively. The overall mean age was 32.56±8.62 years with an age range of 20 to 70 years. Needle biopsy with percutaneous core was confirmed in all cases (BI-RADS≥3). The common malignant lesions were in upper outer quadrant 22 (37.9%), upper inner quadrant 11 (19%), lower outer quadrant 10 (17.2%), and lower inner quadrant 11 (19%). About 4 (6.9%) had malignant lesions in the retro areolar region. Based on quantitative diffusion coefficient measurement sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive value 94%, 81%, 89%, and 92% respectively for differentiating malignant tumors from benign. The sensitivity and specificity of DCE-MRI were 94% and 76% respectively. The combined sensitivity and specificity of DCE-MRI and DWI were 96% and 84% which was more significant than DCE-MRI and DWI alone. Conclusion: Our study found that benign or malignant breast lesions can be identified and characterized with high sensitive multi-parametric MRI of breast. DWI and breast DCE-MRI both has comparable sensitivity. However, ascompared to DWI and DCE-MRI alone, the breast MRI had higher sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing malignant breast lesions from benign lesions. Keywords: MRI breast, Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced (DCE)-MRI, Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI)

Background:   To assess the diagnostic performances of HRCT for COVID 19 pneumonia for efficient triage of patients, in comparison with RT-PCR reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test.   Method:   It is retrospective comparative study conducted in Benazir Bhutto hospital affiliated with Rawalpindi medical university from March 25th to April 25th, 2021.  HRCT of 500 patients were selected from central computer server and their RT-PCR results were also obtained from the HMS system of the hospital. HRCT were reported as “Definitely COVID positive”, “Possible COVID positive” or “COVID negative” by experienced radiologists. Sensitivity, Specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated using the final RT-PCR test as standard of reference. Results:   RT-PCR test of 207 patients was positive, whereas 293 were reported negative. HRCT was reported as “Definitely COVID positive” in 222 cases (44.4 %), “Possible COVID positive” in 24 cases (4.8%) and “COVID negative” in 254 cases (50.8%). Comparing only Definitely COVID positive category with RT-PCR results sensitivity, specificity. PPV and NPV were 90.3%, 88%,84.2% and 92.8%   Conclusion:   CT chest is the most reliable, sensitive and rapid tool for triaging of patients as COVID positive or negative in busy emergency departments as compared to RT-PCR which is time consuming and has limitations such as faulty sampling technique, limited kits and variable sensitivity