The need for performance and appraisal framework has immense importance globally and the need for the specific tool for evaluating teacher's performance which is already practised and required globally. The participants are 40 which include teachers and head teachers from both primary and secondary schooling system as well as the management staff. The selection is made on the convenience and availability of the participant to be a part of this research as respondents. The methodology for conducting data is informal discussions with the respondents and they facilitate their discussion by giving positive feedback and responses by keeping in mind the objectives of the need for research. However, the major findings of this research paper is that the number of schools does not have a proper performance tool and the teachers are unaware of the performance and appraisal criterions, whereas, these schools also do not have a proper skilled management department to keep a track of teachers' performance and appraisal records and no proper framework is developed for teachers' performance and appraisal management. Therefore, this study is reflecting the importance of performance and appraisal framework for untrained teachers working in private schools of Karachi.

Students' attention towards learning science subjects appears to be reducing at all levels of education in developing countries, like Pakistan. This problem is influenced by science teaching methodologies and learning processes. The exploration of factors influencing teaching and learning provides suitable information for enhancing the learning of science subjects. Main objective of this study is to discover science teaching and learning methodology in secondary schools of District Khairpur Mir's. The questionnaire was prepared for students to explore the aspects that motivate students towards studying. The questionnaire identifies teaching methodologies with students' performance in response of their results. A sample of 82 students (both male and female) was selected from different schools of District Khairpur Mir's. The age of the participants ranged between 15-18 years (with mean of 15.56 years). Their educational levels were students of grade ninth and tenth and their socio-economic status ranged from lower-middle to upper-middle income groups. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed by percentage values.

bjective: To assess the preferred teaching strategies for undergraduate medical students of clinical sciences. Study Design and Setting: -This cross-sectional study was conducted among the 4th and 5thyear students of clinical sciences at Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital Isra University. Karachi campus. Methodology: All medical students of 4th and 5th year were enrolled and included for this study from May 2018 to June 2018 and absentees were excluded. A questionnaire was given to students in which they opted for the best teaching aid and strategy. Data was collected and analysed by principle Investigator. Demographic variables included were gender and year of M.B.B.S. Descriptive statistics was carried out via frequency and percentages. Results: A total of 166 Students, 82 from 4th year and 84 from 5th year were reviewed. Among 4th year students; preference in academic teaching aids were white boards and multimedia and were equally preferred and for clinical teaching the most preferred aid was Out Patient Department (OPD)/clinical rotation. Among 5th year medical students’ multimedia was most preferred for academic teaching and for clinical teaching the most preferred teaching aid was clinical based learning, i.e. 32 (38.1%). Conclusion: White board, multimedia, were the most preferred teaching methods for academic teaching and bed side teaching and clinical based learning were highly preferred teaching method for clinical teaching among both cohorts of 4th and 5th year medical students. Therefore, approaches for improvement of the preferred teaching methods and establishing better facilities for students can be improve both knowledge and skills among clinical students

This paper aims at investigating the causal as well as correlational relationship between interpersonal justice (independent variable) and organizational citizenship behavior, turnover and organizational commitment (criterion variables). It also examines the moderating role of perceived organizational support. To do this data was collected from a large public healthcare organization having 3000 employees. 180 close ended questionnaires were administered to randomly selected employees and 103 questionnaire perfectly filled in from all respects were selected for analysis. Apart from descriptive statistics, correlational and regression analysis were made using SPSS. Data substantiated the existence of significant positive relationship of interpersonal justice with perceived organizational support, organizational citizenship behavior and turnover. However, its' relationship with organizational commitment appeared insignificant. The results of this study are quite consistent with the literature.