No abstract

ANTECEDENTES: La parálisis cerebral infantil es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo motriz, con múltiples factores etiológicos y carácter heterogéneo de manifestaciones clínicas; en general, afecta el movimiento, la postura, el balance, el crecimiento y desarrollo infantiles. La perspectiva actual la define como una diversidad funcional motora, donde un equipo multidisciplinario de especialistas debe fomentar el potencial individual y la mejor calidad de vida para los niños con este trastorno. La Odontopediatría, por tanto, es una especialidad que ofrece excelentes intervenciones que contribuyen al sano desarrollo de los niños con parálisis cerebral.OBJETIVO: Proponer estrategias de Odontología pediátrica para fomentar la atención óptima de los pacientes con parálisis cerebral, definir su condición médica y social para que el equipo de atención multidisciplinaria la conozca.CONCLUSIÓN: La instrucción y el mantenimiento óptimo de la salud bucodental son decisivos para el bienestar y fomento del crecimiento-desarrollo de niños con parálisis cerebral, que los beneficia a ellos y a sus familias. En el campo de la Odontología pediátrica prevalece el deber de permanecer informados y contar con una actitud participativa para aportar más en la meta de mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con necesidades especiales.

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) such as maltreatment, abuse, or neglect can disrupt childhood development and increase the risk of health issues, including dental health. Such a vulnerable population frequently may deny dental treatment due to fear of intimate contact in the oral cavity, resulting in a vicious cycle that further leads to detrimental oral health. It is important for dentists, particularly pediatric dentists, to not only understand how to identify potential cases of abuse or maltreatment but also how to treat these patients so that the dental treatment does not become a negative experience. The purpose of this paper is to understand the psychological and physical implications of pediatric patients who have had ACEs and to identify the best methods to manage these patients during the dental treatment.

The aim of this study was to analyze the self-perceived general health, oral care, stress, academic environment, and harmful habits of Mexican dental students during the COVID-19 quarantine period.  This descriptive observational study consisted of a self-perception survey that was sent to dental students undergoing virtual classes. Five sections were analyzed: General Health, Oral Health, Stress, Academic Environment and Habits. For each question, students were asked to rate their perception prior to, and during the contingency, which allowed a comparison to be made between both times for each inquiry. The answers were collected into Microsoft Excel and the statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v.20. A statistically significant difference was observed between the academic years for the variables: “physical exercise” prior to quarantine, “emotional problems” and “work-load” during quarantine, and “academic efficiency” for both times. A trend towards unfavorable perception in relation to general health, academic environment, and harmful habits was observed among dental students during social isolation derived from the pandemic. It is notable that 1st-year students presented a greater impact on all the variables of interest.

Congenital hypothyroidism is a metabolic disorder that requires special health care interventions. It has influence in overall growth and oral conditions in pediatric patients, and also can affect child cooperation during dental treatment because this metabolic condition is the most common preventable cause of mental retardation. The aim of this paper is to report the dental treatment of a child with congenital hypothyroidism who is four years and five months old, with many facial and oral characteristics of the metabolic condition, including severe early childhood caries and malocclusion. At first, it was observed a lack of cooperation of the patient with speech and learning impairment, but with the help of the Pedagogy team at the Pediatric Dental Clinic Playroom, he developed confidence and diminished anxiety every appointment. We present the follow-up during 15 months, where we could observe favorable outcomes in oral health and compliance of the child.