Context:Assam's main lifeline, the Brahmaputra river, braided nature created numerous sand bars and islands known as chars/sapories. They are home to more than 3 million people. Over 90% of the cultivated land on the river islands is flood-prone; the flood leaves the islands completely separated from mainland, preventing access to health infrastructure and services. Aims: To assess the nutritional status of under 5 children residing in the char areas of Dibrugarh district and to identify the factors influencing their nutritional status.Settings and Design:A community-based cross-sectional study conducted in the riverine areas of Dibrugarh district of Assam.Materials and Methods:Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometry. Undernutrition was classified using World Health Organization (WHO) recommended Z- score system. Data collection was done by house to house visit of all chars using proportionate allocation.Statistical Analysis Used:Rates, ratios, proportions, and chi-square test.Results:Overall prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting was 29%, 30.4%, and 21.6%, respectively. Prevalence of underweight and stunting was less than the prevalence of underweight (36.4%) and stunting (46.5%) in Assam, but the prevalence of wasting was more than that of Assam (13.7%) as observed in National Family Health Survey-3. Significant association was observed between the prevalence of undernutrition and socioeconomic status, literacy status of parents, infant, and young child feeding practices and size of the family (P < 0.05).Conclusions:Special focus is needed for nutritional improvement of under 5 living in char areas to prevent preventable morbidities and to achieve optimum development.

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IntrOductIOnSepsis is the tenth leading cause of death worldwide [1], with a case fatality rate of 20% to 30% even in the developed nations of the world [2]. The data from the developing countries is scarce [3,4]; in one multicentric study in ICU setting from India, the incidence and in-hospital mortality rate of severe sepsis were 16.45% and 65% [5].Conventionally, sepsis has been managed in the Intensive Care Units (ICU) [1,6,7]. However several studies show that an increasing number of sepsis patients are also being managed in non-ICU settings in medical wards [8][9][10][11][12]. A recent study from Europe has shown that almost 50% of cases of sepsis are managed in general MW [13]. Patients with sepsis who are admitted to the ICUs usually suffer from multiple organ dysfunction and/or perfusion abnormalities and therefore are more acutely ill than those treated in MW [7]. Therefore, the clinical spectrum of sepsis in ICU and non-ICU settings differs in various aspects. Further, factors like reduction in mortality in response to early resuscitation in patients with sepsis have only been described in the ICU settings and not from general MW [14]. Literature about the epidemiology of sepsis in non-ICU settings is limited even from the developed nations [15], not to speak of developing countries. In the developing countries because of resource constraints a very large proportion of patients Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Co-morbidities, Hospital stay, Mortality, Organ dysfunction, Sepsis syndromes