Clinicians should consider postponing primary plastic surgery for cleft lip and palate in infants with a suspected presence of a common cold. Our results also suggest that the presence of a wide cleft is a risk factor for causing perioperative respiratory complications in infants with cleft lip and palate. We believe that a careful preoperative assessment of common cold symptoms in these infants can decrease the incidence of perioperative respiratory complications.

We have isolated, cloned and characterized three cDNAs and two genomic DNAs corresponding to the mRNAs and genes for the horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) peroxidase isoenzyme C (HPR C). The amino acid sequence of HRP C1, deduced from the nucleotide sequence of one of the cDNA clone, pSK1, contained the same primary sequence as that of the purified enzyme established by Welinder [FEBS Lett. 72, 19-23 (1976)] with additional sequences at the N and C terminal. All three inserts included in the cDNA clones, pSK1, pSK2 and pSK3, coded the same size of peptide (308 amino acid residues) if these are processed in the same way, and the amino acid sequence were homologous to each other by 91 -94%. Functional amino acids, including His4', His'70, Tyrls5 and ArglS3 and S-S-bond-forming Cys, were conserved in the three isozymes, but a few N-glycosylation sites were not the same. Two HRP C isoenzyme genomic genes, prxCl and prxC2, were tandem on the chromosomal DNA and each gene consisted of four exons and three introns. The positions in the exons interrupted by introns were the same in two genes. We observed a putative promoter sequence 5' upstream and a poly(A) signal 3' downstream in both genes. The gene product of prxC1 might be processed with a signal sequence of 30 amino acid residues at the N terminus and a peptide consisting of 15 amino acid residues at the C terminus.Peroxidase is found widely in plants, animals and microbes, and catalyses the oxidation of a variety of reductants by hydrogen peroxide. Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) peroxidase (donor: HzOz oxidoreductase) is used clinically, in enzyme immunoassays and in histological chemistry as a protein tracer. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) consists of more than 30 multiforms [l] usually classified as acidic, neutral and basic isoenzymes by their isoelectric points. Aibara et al. established the amino acid composition of six basic [2] and five neutral isoenzymes [3]. The complete primary structure of one of the neutral isoenzymes, C, was established by Welinder [4, 271. The electron-transfer mechanism, structure of heme, and the amino acid residues concerned in the binding to protoheme and to substrate were identified in a neutral isoenzyme C [5, 61. However, the total molecular structure of HRP has not been understood, because of the difficulty in obtaining a large amount of a single component and the presence of carbohydrate in the enzyme molecule.Kobrehel et al. [7] suggested the presence of several genetic loci for peroxidase in wheat. Four peroxidase isozymes similar to HRP C were purified from turnip and partial amino acid sequences were found [8, 261. Different amino acid sequences in the isoenzymes suggests the presence of at least four different genes for peroxidase in turnip. Recently van Huystee reviewed the protein structure of various peroxidases [28].HRP is contained mainly in the root of the plant. Tissue culture of horseradish and selection of a cell line with a high content of peroxidase were established by Yamada et al. [9].We have prepared...

Understanding the characteristics of ground reaction forces (GRFs) on both limbs during sprinting in unilateral amputees wearing running-specific prostheses would provide important information that could be utilized in the evaluation of athletic performance and development of training methods in this population. The purpose of this study was to compare GRFs between intact and prosthetic limbs during sprinting in unilateral transfemoral amputees wearing running-specific prostheses. Nine sprinters with unilateral transfemoral amputation wearing the same type of prosthesis performed maximal sprinting on a 40-m runway. GRFs were recorded from 7 force plates placed in the center of the runway. Peak forces and impulses of the GRFs in each direction were compared between limbs. Peak forces in vertical, braking, propulsive, and medial directions were significantly greater in intact limbs than those in prosthetic limbs, whereas there were no significant differences in peak lateral force between limbs. Further, significantly less braking impulses were observed in prosthetic limbs than in intact limbs; however, the other measured impulses were not different between limbs. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that limb-specific rehabilitation and training strategies should be developed for transfemoral amputees wearing running-specific prostheses.

No abstract