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In order to obtain highly conductive polymer electrolytes for an electric double layer capacitor, three kinds of polymer gel electrolytes were prepared. Vinyl acetate (VAc) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) were copolymerized with divinyl adipate (DA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), respectively, in propylene carbonate (PC) containing tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEATFB) to form network polymer gel electrolytes. MMA was also copolymerized with butylene glycol DMA for comparison. The polymer gel electrolytes obtained were characterized by means of thermogravimetry, complex impedance analysis, and cyclic voltammetry for use in the electric double layer capacitor. The ionic conductivities of the polymer gel electrolytes were dependent on the TEATFB concentration, temperature, and crosslinking degree. The polymer gel electrolytes in the VAc-DA system exhibited higher room temperature conductivities (10 Ϫ2 S/cm) than those in the MMA-EGDMA system. Further, the polymer gel electrolytes in the VAc-DA system showed good electrochemical stability windows ranging from Ϫ4.0 to 4.0 V versus Ag. Thermal analysis revealed that the polymer gel electrolytes in both systems were stable up to 150°C.

In recent years, consumers have increasingly preferred natural products in categories such as food and cosmetics. Naturalness includes the concept of "no human intervention, processing, and additives", and naturalness research has gradually increased. This article reviews academic literature published in overseas journals related to research on consumer behavior and marketing. The results reveal that naturalness influences consumers' judgments and emotional reactions through specific beliefs and inferences, and that process factors and sensory factors influence the perceived naturalness. Finally, directions for future research are discussed. This article provides useful insights for understanding the concept of naturalness and naturalness preference.

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