No abstract

Global warming has created opportunities and challenges for the survival and development of species. Determining how climate change may impact multiple ecosystem levels and lead to various species adaptations is necessary for both biodiversity conservation and sustainable biological resource utilization. In this study, we employed Maxent to predict changes in the habitat range and altitude of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. under current and future climate scenarios in China. Four representative concentration pathways (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5) were modeled for two time periods (2050 and 2070). The model inputs included 732 presence points and nine sets of environmental variables under the current conditions and the four RCPs in 2050 and 2070. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate model performance. All of the AUCs were greater than 0.80, thereby placing these models in the “very good” category. Using a jackknife analysis, the precipitation in the warmest quarter, annual mean temperature, and altitude were found to be the top three variables that affect the range of P. tenuifolia. Additionally, we found that the predicted highly suitable habitat was in reasonable agreement with its actual distribution. Furthermore, the highly suitable habitat area was slowly reduced over time.

HIGHLIGHTS • A viable bio-derived material engineering strategy is developed based on the use of skin collagen fibers for the crafting of metalnitride-carbon nanofiber composites. • N-doped carbon nanofiber bundles embedded with Fe 2 N nanoparticles are fabricated using a structural replication process. • The composite with a hierarchically ordered, compact, and multicore-shell heterostructure exhibits increased lithium-and potassiumion storage performances. ABSTRACT Despite the significant progress in the fabrication of advanced electrode materials, complex control strategies and tedious processing are often involved for most targeted materials to tailor their compositions, morphologies, and chemistries. Inspired by the unique geometric structures of natural biomacromolecules together with their high affinities for metal species, we propose the use of skin collagen fibers for the template crafting of a novel multicore-shell Fe 2 N-carbon framework anode configuration, composed of hierarchical N-doped carbon nanofiber bundles firmly embedded with Fe 2 N nanoparticles (Fe 2 N@N-CFBs). In the resultant heterostructure, the Fe 2 N nanoparticles firmly confined inside the carbon shells are spatially isolated but electronically well connected by the long-range carbon nanofiber framework. This not only provides direct and continuous conductive pathways to facilitate electron/ion transport, but also helps cushion the volume expansion of the encapsulated Fe 2 N to preserve the electrode microstructure. Considering its unique structural characteristics, Fe 2 N@N-CFBs as an advanced anode material exhibits remarkable electrochemical performances for lithium-and potassium-ion batteries. Moreover, this bio-derived structural strategy can pave the way for novel low-cost and high-efficiency syntheses of metal-nitride/carbon nanofiber heterostructures for potential applications in energy-related fields and beyond.

No abstract