to survive throughout extreme hot dry or extremely humid weathers equally. [3] A truly fascinating example of stretchable camouflaging texture morphing skin is seen in cephalopods-the underwater invertebrates known as the masters of camouflage. These marine creatures control their skin morphology by stimulating cutaneous muscles known as papillae. These muscles generate complex texture patterns by pushing the overlying epidermal tissue upward and away from the mantle surface during their contraction. [4] Thanks to the large number of high-resolution texture muscles, cephalopods undergo complex morphology change. Overall, the skin of the cephalopod is a 3D display, where the papillae muscles control each voxel's extension on-demand by several millimeters out of the skin plane, create hierarchical textures, and collectively change the overall skin pattern. The generation of complex 3D shapes not only facilitates camouflage by pattern matching but also could enhance the swimming efficiency by controlling the hydrodynamic drag.The material systems required to achieve such morphological changes are extremely heterogenous and complex. The flexible and stretchable skin tissue of cephalopods is coupled to dermal shape-changing mechanisms, seamlessly embedded muscles, and integrated neurological sensing and control. A few texture and morphology change technologies inspired by cephalopods' papillae have been recently proposed. Wang et al. [5] produce on-demand fluorescent patterns using electroactive and mechanoresponsive elastomers, where high electric voltage (>50 kV mm −1 ) induces surface roughness of a millimeter. Current material developments are underway to reduce the required voltage and increase the materials voltage breakdown strength of these materials. Pikul et al. [6] use pneumatically actuated elastomeric membranes coupled to rigid mesh to achieve programmable 3D texture morphing. This material produces complex preprogrammed morphological camouflage, yet their broad applicability is limited by the need for heavy, rigid, and noisy air compressor.In this study, we produce a new type of stretchable skin based on electromechanical digital texture voxels (DTVs) to emulate the 3D morphing display of cephalopods papillae. The DTVs provide surface roughness, which actively changes its amplitude from the sub-millimeter to more than a centimeter and requires only 0.02 V mm −1 for actuation. These surface actuators undergo giant and reversible extensions exceeding 2000% strain within a few seconds. The DTVs are made from Smart skins capable of on-demand dynamic texture morphing are attractive for several applications, ranging from haptic feedback devices [1] to drag control in aerial or underwater vehicles. [2] There are countless inspiring examples of biological creatures, which intelligently morph their skin patterns to achieve multifunctionality. For example, the leaves of the silver tree (Leucadendron argenteum) morph their hair-like texture

In actual traffic scenarios, the environment is complex and constantly changing, with many vehicles that have substantial similarities, posing significant challenges to vehicle tracking research based on deep learning. To address these challenges, this article investigates the application of the DeepSORT (simple online and realtime tracking with a deep association metric) multitarget tracking algorithm in vehicle tracking. Due to the strong dependence of the DeepSORT algorithm on target detection, a YOLOv5s_DSC vehicle detection algorithm based on the YOLOv5s algorithm is proposed, which provides accurate and fast vehicle detection data to the DeepSORT algorithm. Compared to YOLOv5s, YOLOv5s_DSC has no more than a 1% difference in optimal mAP0.5 (mean average precision), precision rate, and recall rate, while reducing the number of parameters by 23.5%, the amount of computation by 32.3%, the size of the weight file by 20%, and increasing the average processing speed of each image by 18.8%. After integrating the DeepSORT algorithm, the processing speed of YOLOv5s_DSC + DeepSORT reaches up to 25 FPS, and the system exhibits better robustness to occlusion.

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