Ciliary body damage, closed funnel retinal detachment, and choroidal damage are independent risk factors for NLP posttrauma but not prognostic indicators for NLP visual outcome. Traumatized eyes with NLP may recover light perception or better vision if appropriate interventional measures are used for treatment of the injured ciliary body, retina, and choroid.

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy occurs frequently in injured eyes and is associated with poor outcomes. Its onset depends on interval of injury and vitrectomy, wound location, vitreous hemorrhage, and retinal detachment. Early vitrectomy (before 2 weeks) and aggressive therapy should be considered for specific high-risk cases.

Objective To describe the phenotypes associated with laser-induced retinal damage in children. Methods Five patients with maculopathy and reduced visual acuity associated with laser pointer use were evaluated. Best-corrected visual acuity, retinal structure, and function were monitored with color fundus, infrared (IR), and red-free images, fundus autofluorescence (AF), spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and full-field electroretinography (ERG). Results All five laser pointer injury patients had retinal lesions resembling a macular dystrophy (1 bilateral and 4 unilateral). These lesions were irregular in shape but all had a characteristic dendritic appearance with linear streaks radiating from the lesion. Photoreceptor damage was present in all patients, but serial OCT monitoring showed that subsequent photoreceptor recovery occurred over time in the eyes of at least 4 patients. 1 patient also had bilateral pigment epithelial detachments (PED). Both hyper- and hypoautofluorecence were observed in the laser damage area. Conclusions In general, OCT and IR images are quite useful to diagnose laser damage, but AF is not as sensitive. Laser pointer damage in children can occasionally be misdiagnosed as a macular dystrophy disease, but the distinctive lesions and OCT features are helpful for differentiating laser damage from other conditions.

The closed-funnel retinal detachment or extensive retinal loss, PVR-C, and choroidal damage are the risk factors for unfavourable outcomes in globe ruptures.

Purpose To explore the clinical features, surgical interventions and prognosis of injured eyes following explosion and to develop the risk factors for poor prognosis. Methods A nested case–control study. To the date of 31 December 2018, 99 explosion‐related eye globes were selected from the Eye Injury Vitrectomy Study database, which is a multicenter prospective cohort study and began in 1990s. All cases selected underwent vitreoretinal surgery or enucleation and were followed up for at least 6 months. Clinically meaningful preoperative variables and outcomes were used to develop logistic regression models. Results The unfavourable outcomes were defined as silicone oil‐filled eyes, phthisis bulbi, enucleation and anatomically restored eyes whose final BCVA is worse than initial vision after 6 months of follow‐up. The proportion of unfavourable outcomes was 92.0%, 60.9% and 66.7% in large festive fireworks, detonator and beer bottle groups respective. The anatomic and visual outcome of injured eyes with combined injury of blast wave and projectile were worse than that of ruptured eyes (Fisher's exact = 0.041). The extrusion of iris/lens (OR = 3.20, p = 0.015), PVR‐C (OR = 6.08, p = 0.036) and choroid damage (OR = 5.84, p = 0.025) is independent risk factors of unfavourable prognosis for explosion‐related eye trauma. Conclusion The extrusion of iris/lens, PVR‐C and choroid damage is the independent risk factors for unfavourable outcomes in explosion‐related eye trauma. There is a unique injury mechanism in explosion‐related eye trauma. Summary Statement Through the nested case‐control study, the extrusion of iris/lens, PVR‐C, and choroid damage are the independent risk factors for unfavorable outcomes in explosion‐related eye trauma. The mechanism of open globe mixture and close globe mixture in explosion‐related eye trauma need more cases and participating units to explore together in the future.