Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children. Different environmental factors might be effective in the occurrence of this malignancy during childhood. The aim of this study was to find environmental risk factors in childhood ALL in Hamadan, Iran. Methods: This case-control study was done in 2015-2018 on 125 children younger than 15 years of age suffering from ALL. Patients were matched with 130 controls with respect to age, gender, and residence location. The identification of risk factors for ALL was sought based on the comparison of studied variables between case and control individuals. Results: A statistically significant increased risk for ALL was found with regard to type of delivery (OR: 0.

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Brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in childhood. Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the second most common primary brain tumor in adults. It usually affects the cerebral hemispheres of adults at the 6th or 7th decade of life. In comparison to adult population, GBM is rare in pediatrics and accounts for approximately 3% of all pediatric brain tumors. Pediatric glioblastoma was defined as patient age younger than 21 years at the time of craniotomy. The prognosis seems to be better in childhood. This report documented a GBM was located in the frontal lobe of a 9 year old girl who was diagnosed in Hamedan University of Medical Sciences in 2016. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a huge well enhancing mass in left frontal lobe (47 ×35 mm ). This mass was surrounded by vasogenic edema and was extended to medial aspect of right frontal lobe through corpus callosum. The patient underwent a left frontal craniotomy, and gross total tumor removal was per¬formed. Pathology findings revealed neoplastic transformation of glial cells associated with vascular necrosis and neovascularization.

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