No abstract

Abstract:In the context of China's trial fallow policy; the heavy metal pollution of farmland is addressed via field surveys in Hunan Province, where the fallow policy has been implemented, and in Jiangxi Province, where it has not been implemented. We measured and analyzed willingness to accept (WTA) using the contingent valuation method (CVM). The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) Farmer awareness of heavy metal pollution and pollution sources is higher in Jiangxi Province than in Hunan Province; (2) Ignoring the impact of other factors, the WTA of farmers is 902 (yuan /mu) in Jiangxi Province and 902.26 (yuan /mu) in Hunan Province. Considering the influence of the basic characteristics of the respondents using the parameter estimation method, the WTA of farmers is 839.34 (yuan/mu) in Jiangxi Province and 934.39 (yuan/mu) in Hunan Province. There is little difference in WTA between the two provinces, but both estimates are higher than the national compensation standards; (3) The factors that affect the WTA of farmers in Jiangxi Province are gender, education level, average annual income and per capita arable land. The factors that affect the WTA of farmers in Hunan Province are age, education level, family size, average annual income, per capita arable land area and farmer occupation; (4) At present, the means and methods of compensation for the implementation of the fallow policy are recognized by most farmers. The paper concludes with some policy suggestions based on above findings.

Context In recent years, the important value of rural landscape has been highlighted in tourism, cultural heritage, ecology and other elds, rural landscape research (RLR) has been paid more and more attention by researchers, with the deepening of research, RLR has the characteristics of diversity and complexity.Objectives To understand the development trend of RLR in the past 20 years, the distribution of research power, research hotspots and frontal research, to comb through the relevant results of RLR, to analyze the progress of RLR, and nally to integrate the main contents of RLR in a framework.Methods 735 related literatures were selected from the WoS Core Collection Database, and the papers on RLR from 1992 to 2020 were quantitatively data mined and qualitatively summarized by using Bibliometrics and VOSviwer software for mapping and analysis.Results (1) The number of papers on RLR increased from 1992 to 2020, during which it gradually became a hotspot research eld that attracted increasing global attention. (2) From the research strength, Europe has a great in uence in RLR, and has issued a series of conventions and protection policies, making its rural landscape become a model of modern rural development. There is little international cooperation and exchange in RLR, which is not conducive to the development of disciplines. Landscape & Urban Planning journals t the theme of RLR. (3) The ve hotspots of RLR are: rural cultural landscape and rural development; rural tourism landscape, the matching of landscape value and landscape perception; urban-rural interaction, land use change and landscape pattern con ict; change of ecosystem service value; rural landscape planning, protection and management.Conclusions RLR has developed from a study based on geography and ecology to a comprehensive research direction combining multidisciplinary and multimethods of social and economic development, culture and other elements. At present, RLR covers the ecological landscape, production landscape, tourism landscape and cultural landscape of rural landscape system, changes from static pattern of rural landscape to dynamic evolution process, urban-rural interaction, ecosystem service and multifunctional landscape trade-off, and changes from single dimension to multi-dimensional in research paradigm, and combines "3S" technology and various landscape ecological model software. From the perspective of multidisciplinary research, from the perspective of rural landscape system, the correlation and mechanism between rural landscape multifunctionality, and dynamic monitoring and trend simulation, help to clarify the rural landscape multi-functional trade-off ideas and paths to guide the sustainable development of rural areas.Landscape Ecology 23 3.17% 3.385

No abstract

No abstract