Objectives: To identify clinical and laboratory characteristics of the Saudi children with confirmed COVID-19. Methods: Eighty-eight children)0-14 years(with COVID-19 who were admitted to Prince Sultan Military Medical City)PSMMC(, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from April to June 2020 were recruited. Results: Mean age was 5.74 ± 4.7 years with 41)49.4%(males and 42)50.6%(females. The length of hospital stay)LOS(ranged from 1 to 17 days. The main source of infection was infected family members. Mean values of C-reactive protein)CRP(, serum ferritin, and lactate dehydrogenase)LDH(were noticeably above normal. Degree of severity and length of stay was significantly correlated with lymphopenia)r=-0.36; p=0.001(, Original Article whereas it was positively correlated with absolute neutrophil count and with high inflammatory markers, such as CRP, LDH, and others. Conclusions: Identifying the clinical and laboratory characteristics of the Saudi children with confirmed COVID-19 will improve understanding of this disease's presentation and will help put rapid and proper management strategies into place to face this pandemic. A high index of suspicion is needed for cases presenting with multi-system inflammatory disease, which represented 5.7% of the included study population.
Objectives:To assess the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in Saudi children with sickle cell disease at a tertiary hospital in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) using nocturnal polysomnography.Methods:A prospective cross-section study was conducted between 2012 and 2016 in 65 children aged between 2-14 years at Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, KSA with sickle cell disease. Patients answered a pediatric sleep questionnaire with the help of an accompanying caregiver and underwent polysomnography in the same night.Results:The final sample included 65 children. Median age was 8.1 years. There were 32 boys (49.2%) and 33 girls (50.8%). Mean hemoglobin was 8.6 (p=0.37) and mean body mass index was 15.6 (p=0.36). The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea was 80% (52 patients) using an apnea hypopnea index cutoff of ≥1 and 7.7% (5 patients) using an apnea hypopnea index cutoff of ≥5. Results from the pediatric sleep questionnaire were snoring (73.8%), apnea (32.8%), and bedwetting (46%).Conclusion:Obstructive sleep apnea is common in children with sickle cell disease.
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