This is the first study demonstrating that hypoglycemia was associated with comparable risk ratios in different study populations and various study endpoints, and a trend of a dose-dependent relationship between hypoglycemia severity and adverse events. The findings of this systematic review support the speculation that hypoglycemia is a risk factor for adverse vascular events and mortality.

This article investigates the organisation of work under algorithmic control in the platform economy. Based on a 1‐year ethnographic study conducted at top food‐delivery platforms in China, this study finds two main mechanisms for organising labour under algorithmic management: the virtual organisation of labour and algorithm‐driven labour process control. First, platform drivers are reorganised in an outsourced labour force, placed in application‐based virtual‐networked production under sophisticated technological infrastructure. Second, to habituate drivers to the virtual mode of production, food‐delivery platforms utilise four algorithm‐driven control techniques, which are identified as: smart machinery control, information monopoly, management by multi‐stakeholders, and ‘carrots and sticks’. The findings highlight the process of algorithmic design in configuring a digital managerial ecosystem for platform governance and contribute to emerging debates on algorithmic management.

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The present study aimed to assess the effect of removing an indwelling urinary catheter at different times on urinary retention and urinary infection in patients undergoing gynecologic surgery. Electronic databases including PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Ovid from inception to June 2018 were searched. Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of removal the indwelling urinary catheter in different time were included. Eight RCTs were included. Data were analyzed by RevMan 5.3 version. There was significant difference in urinary retention (relative risk [RR] 2.46, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 1.10–5.53), P = .03) between the ≤6 hours and >6 hours indwelling urinary catheter removal groups, while no significant differences were found in the gynecologic surgery excluded the vaginal surgery group and vaginal surgery group. When compared with >6 hours indwelling urinary catheter removal group, the incidence of urinary infection was significantly reduced at the ≤6 hours removal group (RR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.48–0.89, P = .007). The urinary catheter removal time at ≤6 hours also significantly reduced the incidence of urinary retention (RR = 5.06, 95%CI 1.74–14.69, P = .003), and did not statistically increase the incidence of urinary infection (RR = 0.30, 95%CI 0.08 to 1.20, P = .09), compared with immediate urinary catheter removal after surgery. Removal time of the urinary catheter at ≤6 hours postoperatively seems to be more beneficial than immediate or >6 hours for patients undergoing gynecologic surgery which excluded the vaginal surgery.

This study was aimed to evaluate whether silver-containing dressings were superior to other types of dressings in the treatment of venous leg ulcers (VLU) and their specific advantages. Eight databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid-Medline, Wanfang, VIP, China Biology Medicine, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were systematically reviewed from inception to May 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The primary outcome was complete wound healing, and the secondary outcomes included absolute wound size changes (change of cm 2 area since baseline), relative changes (percentage change of area relative to baseline), and healing rate. Two reviewers independently evaluated the risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration assessment tool and extracted the data according to the predesigned table. All analyses were performed using the latest Review Manager Software (version 5.3). A total of 8 studies qualified and were included in the meta-analysis, including 1057 patients (experiment: 526, control: 531). Both complete wound healing and wound healing rates were reported in 5 studies. Two and 3 studies reported the effect of silver dressings on absolute and relative wound size changes, respectively. Most of the studies used intention-to-treat analysis. There was sufficient evidence that silver-containing dressings can accelerate the healing rate of chronic VLU and improve their healing in a short duration of time. However, compared with other dressings, clinical trials with long-term follow-up data are needed to confirm whether silver dressings have advantages regarding complete wound healing.