Günümüzde yolcu taşımacılığında demiryollarının payı giderek artmaktadır. Yolcu talebinin karşılanması için uygun planlamaların belirlenmesi gereklidir. Kapasiteyi karşılayacak planlamaların oluşturulması hem talebi karşılayacak hem de yatırımlarda uygun kararların alınmasını sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada, demiryolu yolcu taşımacılığı üzerinde etkili olan değişkenler kullanılarak demiryolu yolcu sayısının tahmin edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yolcu talebinin belirlenmesi için Çok Değişkenli Regresyon (ÇDR) analizi ve Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA) ile iki farklı model oluşturulmuştur. İki model içinde tahmin değerleri belirlenmiştir. Hata kareleri ortalaması (MSE) ve belirleme katsayısı (R 2 ), performans kriterlerini, dikkate alarak en uygun tahmin YSA ile elde edilmiştir. Talep tahmininde YSA kaynak olarak kullanılabileceği görüşüne varılmıştır.

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Construction sector in Turkey is one of the sectors that directly contribute to the national economy. The large volume projects done in the international arena shows that there is a major breakthrough in the Turkish construction sector. Turkish construction companies, which undertake an enormous amount of work in about ninety countries, have the second largest work capacity after China in the world. This shows clearly how much active the Turkey's foreign expansion strategy of the construction industry. When we look at the industry in general, it seems to be disastrous in innovation management compared to contracting services. In this respect, the various innovation studies must be made and the sector must be evaluated with all its parameters based on these innovation studies. The aim of this study is to examine the importance of innovation in the construction industry and to investigate economical effects. Within the context of the study, the importance of the construction sector in Turkey is firstly examined. Later, the importance of innovation activities in the construction sector is emphasized based on the available data. Consequently, the steps taken by the governments and employers are discussed on the subject of innovation studies in order to increase Turkey's competitiveness in the international market.

The increased need for transportation worldwide has led to intense competition among several transportation types. Thus, considering factors affecting the choice of transportation means of passengers is essential. In many countries, railways have been losing market share in both freight and passenger transport, especially against highways. Railway transport systems must regain their declining share for the sake of the economy and sustainability. For this reason, many studies have been conducted to eliminate delays in high-speed trains, the speed of which is the most important criterion for preference. This study determines the reasons for train delays in a bid to make the high-speed train project successful in Turkey and for trains to serve better. Furthermore, regression analysis and the Pythagorean fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) analysis were performed according to the most effective criteria. The most effective criteria were determined as maintenance, repair, and closure due to renewal. Additionally, various suggestions regarding the effect of the obtained causes on train delays were put forward.