The purpose of this research is to examine the attitudes of bank managers towards the effect of cultural intelligence on organizational climate and the process of strategy activation. A survey instrument comprising six constructs (cultural intelligence capabilities: metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, behavioral capabilities, organizational climate, and strategy activation) was designed and administered to managers within 18 commercial banks in Erbil, the capital city of Iraqi Kurdistan Region. The empirical data were analyzed by using (PLS-SEM) path modeling to hypotheses testing. The research findings confirmed a positive and significant correlation between cultural intelligence key elements (metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral capabilities), and organizational climate. The findings indicated that cultural intelligence contributes to improving the organizational climate within commercial banks. The improved organizational climate within commercial banks, contributes to improving the process of strategy activation. This research contributes to improves the literature by representing that cultural intelligence stands as the base for improving organizational climate; thus, the improved organizational climate (as a result of cultural intelligence) contributes to improving the process of strategy activation.

Abѕtraсt The ultimate purpose of research is to analyze the mediating role of banking technology applications (BTA) in the relationship between intellectual capital (IC) components such as human сaрital (HC), ѕtruсtural сaрital (SC), customer capital (CC) and bank service quality (BSQ) dimensions: empirical evidence from commercial banks in Erbil city. The survey questionnaire was used as the primary data collection instrument; by partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), we analyzed the empirical data. The statistical testing results showed a positive relationship between IC and BTA. Besides, IC positively and significantly impacted BSQ. The analysis also showed that BTA significantly enhances BSQ. The research also showed that BTA mediated the impact of IC on service reliability, service tangibility, banks’ ability to inspire trust and confidence in the clients. Finally, the results revealed that BTA mediated IC impact on empathy and responsiveness to clients’ needs and more willingness to help the clients. This research contributes to the literature by demonstrating that modern BTA enhances the practices of IC components by mediating the impact of IC assets in providing high-quality bank service to clients.

Due to the increasing importance of cultural diversity in organizations with globalization, the management of cultural diversity and the effect of this management on organizational performance are the subject of the study. The survey method was used to collect the data, and the related survey was applied to the employees of the telecommunication companies in Iraq. As a result of the analysis, it has been determined that cultural diversity management increases organizational performance with a strong effect coefficient. It has been determined that all components of cultural diversity such as color blindness, justice, equal access, cultural integration and learning have a significant impact on organizational performance. In particular, it can be said that organizations with culturally different workforces have a managerial contribution to the scope of the research, considering cultural diversity while determining their strategies. In addition, it should be ensured that the improvement of organizational performance is better understood and that the factors affecting organizational performance are clearly known by the employees. As a result of an organization's ability to effectively manage its culturally diverse workforce, it will be possible to satisfy a multicultural market and be preferred by multicultural customers. The fact that the research was carried out in a single sector can be expressed as a constraint.