critical issue. It is necessary to identify the fate and sources of MPs in the environment, minimise their release and adverse effects. Compared to marine sediments, standardised methods for extracting and estimating the amount of MPs in freshwater sediments are relatively limited. The present study focuses on MP recovery efficiency of four commonly used salt solutions (NaCl, NaI, CaCl 2 and ZnCl 2 ) for isolating MPs during the density separation step from freshwater sediment.

The initial evaluation of the hazard potential of MTO shows that it causes strong short-term (eco)toxicological effects and offers preliminary indications of its genotoxic potential.

In this study, biochar was derived from the agricultural by-products coconut coir (BC1) and rice husk (BC2) activated with NaOH 25%. This material was characterized through analytical methods such as SEM images, XRD, FTIR, and Raman. Analysis results indicated that the carbon structure carbon is amorphous and with many graphene layers. A high specific surface area was detected with 364.22 m2.g-1 for BC1 and 329.71 m2.g-1 for BC2 with many meso and micropores when analyzed by N2 and CO2 adsorption. The material also showed anionic and cationic dye adsorption capacity for textile wastewater following both Langmuir and Freundlich models where BC2 had better max adsorption capacity compared to BC1, 6.519 mg.g-1 for MO and 8.612 mg.g-1 for MB.

In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are immobilized onto rice husk biochar (RHB), as a porous support, for the photodegradation of glyphosate under UV light irradiation. The TiO2/RHB composites are prepared by pyrolysis and the sol-gel method. The SEM, XRD, EDX, and FT-IR results confirm the graphene structure of RHB and the formation of 10.61 nm TiO2 nanoparticles on the catalyst support. The effects of operating conditions, including catalyst dosage (3 g L−1, 5 g L−1, 10 g L−1, and 20 g L−1) and different illumination conditions (9 W lamp, 2 × 9 W lamps), on the removal of glyphosate from aqueous solutions were investigated. The photodegradation efficiency of 15 mg L−1 of commercial glyphosate was up to 99% after 5 h of irradiation at pH 3.0, with a TiO2/RHB dosage of 10 g L−1. However, the mineralization efficiency under this condition was lower than the decomposition efficiency of glyphosate, proving the partial degradation of glyphosate into AMPA and other metabolites after 5 h of reaction.