Background When studying the quality of sleep in relation to athletic performance, the athlete’s chronotype and habitual time consider important factors. We aim to investigate the sleep quality and athletes’ performance according to chronotype in elite athletes. Methods Three hundred forty elite athletes (males = 261, females = 79) were recruited for the present study. All participants were screening for chronotype by the Korean versions of the Morningness - Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ-K). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) were measurement after screening. Results PSQI global score, PSQI sleep quality, PSQI sleep onset latency, PSQI sleep disturbance, and PSQI daytime dysfunction were significant differences among the groups. WAnT mean power (W), mean power (W/kg), peak power (W), and peak power (W/kg) were significant differences among the groups. A negative correlation coefficient was found between PSQI score and WAnT mean power (W) (r = − 0.256, p < 0.01), mean power (W/kg) (r = − 0.270, p < 0.01), peak power (W) (r = − 0.220, p < 0.01), and peak power (W/kg) (r = − 0.248, p < 0.01). Conclusions This study indicates that related poor sleep quality and late-type chronotype may reduce the athletes’ performance in elite athletes. In addition, the sleep quality is much higher in the early-type chronotype than in the late-type chronotype. Moreover, it also the athletic performance was better in the early-type chronotype than in the late-type chronotype.

Background: When studying the quality of sleep in relation to athletic performance, the athlete's chronotype and habitual time consider important factors. We aim to investigate the sleep quality and athletes’ performance according to chronotype in elite athletes. Methods: Three hundred forty elite athletes (males = 261, females = 79) were recruited for the present study. All participants were screening for chronotype by the Korean versions of the Morningness - Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ-K). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) were measurement after screening.Results: PSQI global score, PSQI sleep quality, PSQI sleep onset latency, PSQI sleep disturbance, and PSQI daytime dysfunction were significant differences among the groups. WAnT mean power (W), mean power (W/kg), peak power (W), and peak power (W/kg) were significant differences among the groups. A negative correlation coefficient was found between PSQI score and WAnT mean power (W), mean power (W/kg), peak power (W), and peak power (W/kg).Conclusions: This study indicates that related poor sleep quality and late-type chronotype may reduce the athletes’ performance in elite athletes. In addition, the sleep quality is much better in the early-type chronotype than in the late-type chronotype. Moreover, it also the athletic performance was better in the early-type chronotype than in the late-type chronotype.

Background: When studying the quality of sleep in relation to athletic performance, the athlete's chronotype and habitual time were considered important factors. We aimed to investigate the sleep quality and athletes’ performance according to chronotype in elite athletes. Methods: Three hundred forty elite athletes (males = 261, females = 79) were recruited for the present study. All participants were screened for chronotype. Measurements of the Korean versions of the Morningness - Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ-K), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT). Results: PSQI global score, PSQI sleep quality, PSQI sleep onset latency, PSQI sleep disturbance, and PSQI daytime dysfunction were significantly difference in among the groups. Mean power, and peak power were significantly difference in among the groups. A negative correlation was found between PSQI score and mean power (W), mean power (W/kg), peak power (W), and peak power (W/kg). Conclusions: This study indicates that related poor sleep quality and late type of chronotype may reduce the athletes’ performance in elite athletes. In additional, significant better sleep quality in early type of chronotype more than late type of chronotype. Moreover, also significant higher athletic performance in early type of chronotype more than late type of chronotype.

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