We investigated the combined effects of low-energy electron irradiation and Fe(3+) ion on DNA damage. We used lyophilized pBR322 plasmid DNA films with various concentrations (0 ~ 7 mM) of Fe(3+) ions and irradiation with monochromatic, low-energy 3 or 5 eV electrons for these studies. DNA-Fe(3+) films were recovered and analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis to identify and compare the effects of Fe(3+) ions and/or low-energy electrons alone or in combination on DNA damage. In nonirradiated DNA-Fe(3+) films, there was little DNA damage observed (less than 10% of the total DNA loaded on the gel appeared damaged) for Fe(3+) ion up to 7 mM concentration. In irradiated DNA films without Fe(3+) ions, there was also very little DNA damage observed (less than 3% of the total DNA loaded on the gel appeared damaged). However, when DNA-Fe(3+) films, were irradiated with low-energy electrons, DNA damage was significantly increased compared to the sum of the damage caused both by either Fe(3+) ion or low-energy electrons irradiation alone. We proposed that both DEA and/or electron transfer processes might play a role in the enhanced DNA damage when DNA-Fe(3+) films were irradiated by low-energy electrons.