Monitoring the geometric parameters of cutting and cleaning ballast during reconstruction and overhaul works is one of the most important tasks of ensuring high quality repair work. The paper describes a new type of automated control system to control the cutting process and the cleaning of ballast performed at major overhaul and reconstruction. This automated control system uses the data of a multisystem GNSS receiver, base Reference stations and spring-return mechanisms for installing antennas on the working body of the track machine (bar chain). Nowadays, gravel-cleaning machines have installed standard work quality control systems (depth of ballast cut and lateral slope), and other measuring control tools are also used. The disadvantages of existing technologies and instrumental testing are considered. The modern automatic control systems of various types developed by SGUPS and based on the use of global navigation systems are presented. Detailed schemes of working elements of ACS installed on the ballast cleaning machine (BCM) are presented. Algorithms to determine the depth and cross slope of the ballast cutting and control of these values are considered. The use and effectiveness of this type of ACS providing the required accuracy of work and continuous monitoring of the main quantities are substantiated.

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The development of a monitoring system based on global satellite navigation systems (GNSS) of ballast compaction quality during the construction and overhaul of railways is covered in the article. Traditional geodetic methods for determining the quality of ballast compaction are tedious. Non-geodetic methods (dynamic control systems, empirical models and geophysical methods) are not widely used on railways due to the low reliability of the ballast compaction quality, as well as the high complexity of the work. The proposed method and device of a quality control system for ballast compaction are based on the measurement of draft and residual deformations during compaction in dynamic mode. The current coordinates are determined using GNSS with dual-antenna positioning receivers performing advanced functions, including determining the relative position of the antennas in plan and height. The monitoring system developed at the Siberian State University of Railway Engineering enables real-time determining parameters which characterize the quality of compaction with high accuracy and the ability of controlling the compaction process according to the current parameters.