Tuberculous aortitis with a tuberculous mycotic aneurysm and an aortoduodenal fistula was diagnosed in a 38-year-old man with tuberculous cervical lymphadentitis and a 3-month history of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding, in whom extensive investigation of the digestive tract had not revealed a bleeding lesion. Either by septic embolism or by direct extension from a neighboring focus, tuberculous infection can cause a mycotic aortic aneurysm with subsequent fistulation to the duodenum.

After antileukemic chemotherapy a granulocytopenic patient experienced a rapidly progressive left-sided pneumonia with pleuritic pain. After 1 week, a sudden occlusion of all aortic branches was followed by death. At postmortem, a huge thrombus in the aortic arch caused by Aspergillus invasion from the left lung was found.